-Jaíba Project is an irrigation enterprise and its forest reserve is one of the largest protected areas of dry deciduous forest of Caatinga. However, two accidental fires burned about 90% of the area, resulting on the elimination of the trees. This study intended to evaluate the effects of dual inoculation with Rhizobium and mycorrhizal fungi on growth of Anadenanthera peregrina and its contribution to intercropped native species (Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. Allem., Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl. and Acacia sp.) and to increase the soil nutrients through litter decomposition as a strategy for the restoration of the reserve. The plants of Anadenanthera peregrina which were inoculated with rhizobia strain BHICB-A10 and associated with AM, showed a significant increase in height and total nitrogen content over that uninoculated plants. In plots where A. peregrina was inoculated, growth and survival of intercropped plants as Myracrodruon urundeuva, were favoured. This result may be explained by the faster decomposition rate of M. urundeuva litter and by the increase of soil nutrients which was related with its lowest lignocellulous content. The mixture of A. peregrina with M. urundeuva was the best model for restoration.bradyrhizobia / mycorrhizal fungi / Anadenanthera peregrina / semiarid / Caatinga Résumé -Croissance et décomposition de la litière d'espèces ligneuses inoculées avec des rhizobia et des champignons mycorhiziens à arbuscules dans le Brésil semi-aride. Dans la réserve de forêt sèche de Caatinga, zone d'application du Projet Jaíba pour le développement socio-économique de cette région semi-aride du Brésil, deux feux accidentels ont brûlé environ 90 % des arbres. La stratégie de restauration de la réserve réside dans la possibilité d'augmenter l'apport d'éléments minéraux au sol par l'installation de cultures mixtes d'espèces ligneuses fixatrices et non fixatrices. L'étude a eu pout but d'évaluer les effets de la double inoculation de Anadenanthera peregrina par des souches de Bradyrhizobium et de champignon mycorhizien à arbuscules sur la croissance de cet arbre et de celle des autres espèces associées natives de cette région (Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. Allem., Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl. et l'Acacia sp.). Les effets possibles de cette inoculation sur la capacité des arbres à augmenter la disponibilité des éléments minéraux du sol provenant de la décomposition des litières de ces arbres pourraient aider à la restauration de la réserve. La double inoculation entraîne une augmentation significative de la hauteur d'Anadenanthera peregrina et des autres espèces associées ainsi que leur teneur en azote et leur taux de survie, particulièrement en ce qui concerne M. urundeuva. Le taux de décomposition plus rapide des feuilles de M. urundeuva pourrait être attribué à un plus faible contenu ligno-cellulosique. L'association de A. peregrina avec M. urundeuva représente le meilleur modèle à utiliser dans les problèmes de restauration des sols. bradyrhizobia / champignon mycorhizien à arbuscules / Anadena...

Essential oils (EOs) are a promising source for novel environmentally safe insecticides. However, the structural diversity of their compounds poses challenges to accurately elucidate their biological mechanisms of action. We present a new chemoinformatics methodology aimed at predicting the impact of essential oil (EO) compounds on the molecular targets of commercial insecticides. Our approach merges virtual screening, chemoinformatics, and machine learning to identify custom signatures and reference molecule clusters. By assigning a molecule to a cluster, we can determine its most likely interaction targets. Our findings reveal that the main targets of EOs are juvenile hormone-specific proteins (JHBP and MET) and octopamine receptor agonists (OctpRago). Three of the twenty clusters show strong similarities to the juvenile hormone, steroids, and biogenic amines. For instance, the methodology successfully identified E-Nerolidol, for which literature points indications of disrupting insect metamorphosis and neurochemistry, as a potential insecticide in these pathways. We validated the predictions through experimental bioassays, observing symptoms in blowflies that were consistent with the computational results. This new approach sheds a higher light on the ways of action of EO compounds in nature and biotechnology. It also opens new possibilities for understanding how molecules can interfere with biological systems and has broad implications for areas such as drug design.

Ankyloglossia (tongue-tie) is a condition of the oral cavity in which an abnormally short lingual frenulum affects the tongue’s mobility. Literature on the correlation between ankyloglossia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is scarce. The main objective of this study was to report our preliminary experience in adult OSA patients before and after ankyloglossia treatment, using drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) to evaluate the upper airway modifications resulting after treatment, and to present a systematic review of the impact of ankyloglossia and its treatment on OSA adults. We found that, after frenotomy, regarding the DISE findings, and according to the VOTE classification, two of the three patients showed an improvement in tongue level, from 2A-P (complete anteroposterior collapse) to 1ap (partial anteroposterior collapse). The third patient showed no changes in his UA after frenotomy, neither worsening nor showing improvement. Thus, the results of this study suggest that frenotomy in OSA patients with ankyloglossia could reduce tongue collapse, probably by allowing the tongue to take into the physiological position in the oral cavity. These patients should undergo speech therapy and oropharyngeal exercises prior to any surgical procedure, in order to avoid glossoptosis and to improve the quality of life and sleep apnea results.

Purpose: This article presents a narrative review of current recommendations for the clinical evaluation and management of adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) to identify points missing from a myofunctional perspective. Methods: The authors reviewed current official guidelines for adult patients with OSA, searching clinical evaluation and treatment recommendations for myofunctional therapy. Results: None of the current guidelines for evaluation of adult OSA recommend performing a myofunctional evaluation. Only two guidelines consider myofunctional therapy (MFT) as a treatment modality for adult patients with OSA. Conclusion: Despite the role of the pharyngeal dilator muscles as an essential contributor to the pathogenesis of OSA, this review has shown that myofunctional assessment is still not a standard recommendation in current guidelines for adult OSA. Recent guidelines occasionally include MFT as a therapeutic tool for OSA. To strengthen the knowledge base and evidence for including MFT treatment for adult patients with OSA, the authors encourage physicians to incorporate myofunctional evaluation into their regular clinical practice.