Kapok fiber is a natural material that has unique properties, can be renewed with a large lumen, it has hydrophobic properties, as an absorbent in oil, heavy metals, and sound. To increase the absorption capacity of heavy metals, physical properties, and chemical resistance, modifications were made to change the fiber properties from hydrophobic to hydrophilic. One way is through the process of soaking the kapok fibers in a solvent to remove non-cellulose compounds. In this study, to improve the properties of kapok fiber, soaking has been done with various solutions, there are HCl, NaOH, NaClO, NaClO-NaOH-NaClO, and NaClO2-NaOH-NaClO2 solution. Immersion of kapok fibers in NaClO2-NaOH-NaClO2 solution can increase cellulose content up to 93.69% with porosity content of 4.75%. NaClO2-NaOH-NaClO2-treated can absorb water up to 211.27%, the second highest after treatment with the NaClO-NaOH-NaClO-treated solution of 285.29%. Immersion in NaClO-NaOH-NaClO and NaClO2-NaOH-NaClO2 solvents also causes damage to the kapok fiber protective layer which indicates the loss of lignin, so that a significant change of the hydrophobic fiber becomes hydrophilic as seen in the SEM results.

The major battle that the human civilization is facing in the present era is regarding pollution; one of a serious threat among these pollutions is the contamination of water bodies due to oil spills. Oil spills from ships, tankers, or leaks in marine oil pipes are something that is needed to deal with to make the earth a better place. To protect the water and the environment, this oil should be removed from the water or the surface. The chances for oil spills have reduced as we have observed there is a significant change in the pattern with the decrease of the use of tankers and pipelines for oil and petroleum derivatives. The point should be that according to the researchers, the marine ecosystem is damaged even more by the other sources of pollution even though the event of oil spills is certainly much sensational. There is an urgent requirement of advanced eco-friendly tools to eliminate spilled oil. Some studies suggest that the use of organic matter may be an effective step in such an oil spilled scenario. Organic matter acts as a sorbent, a surfactant, and a separator and can make using a variety of ingredients such as organic, inorganic, synthetic, or different, but they must interact with the biological system. Some organic materials can contaminate the water more than the oil that is spread, so eco-friendly, non-toxic, low-cost organic matter should be used for oil removal and recovery. If the oil is recovered from the environmental surface, then after the successful removal of that oil, it can be conducive to sustainable development. This review summarizes the overall perspective on the potential of different biomaterials for the removal of accidentally spilled oils.

This study aims to determine the economic impact of Whale Sharks travel to revenue of Batubarani villagers in Gorontalo . This study was conducted in January-May 2016. Datacollection was done by direct observation using questionnaires . The economic impact wasanalyzed by using Keynesian Income Multiplier . The results showed that the impact of whalesharks travel to people's income Batubarani at the high category . Income Keynesian Multipliervalue is 1:52 , Type 1 Income Multiplier Ratio is 1.61 and Type 2 Income Multiplier Ratio is1.97.

Joint Operating Body (JOB) merupakan kegiatan operasional yang dilakukan oleh badan operasi bersama JOB Pertamina - Medco EP Tomori Sulawesi adalah badan kerjasama operasi yang dibentuk berdasarkan Production Sharing Contract antara perusahaan PT. Pertamina Hulu Energi dengan PT. Medco EP Tomori Sulawesi. Salah satu indikasi adanya gangguan keselamatan dan kesehatan pada pekerja adalah adanya kelelahan atau keluhan musculoskeletal atau sistem otot rangka seperti adanya rasa nyeri pada tubuh baik saat bekerja maupun setelah bekerja dan rasa tidak nyaman pada otot. Salah satu penyebab adanya gangguan pada otot rangka yang ditimbulkan dari pekerjaan yang dilakukan secara statis yaitu posisi dan postur tubuh kerja yang tidak sesuai, seperti yang dialami staff atau karyawan bagian Production di JOB Pertamina-Medco EP Tomori Sulawesi, yang melakukan pekerjaan dengan posisi yang dilakukan secara statis dalam kurun waktu yang cukup lama yakni ± 12 jam sehari. Tujuannya yaitu untuk mengetahui level resiko pada posisi dan postur kerja karyawan Area Control Room di JOB Pertamina-Medco EP Tomori Sulawesi. Hasil perhitungan dengan metode RULA didapatkan 6 operator berada pada level action 3 dan 3 operator berada pada level action 2. Analisis postur kerja Operator JOB Pertamina-Medco EP Tomori Sulawesi dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil analisis Rula 9 Operator yang merupakan karyawan JOB Pertamina-Medco EP Tomori Sulawesi, 6 dari 9 Operator berapa pada level resiko “Sedang” dengan nilai skor akhir diperolah 5-6 artinya yang menunjukan pemeriksaan dan perubahan posisi duduk perlu segera dilakukan. dan 3 dari 9 Operator berada pada level resiko “Kecil/Rendah” dengan Nilai sekor akhir diperoleh 3-4 artinya menunjukan bahwa resiko rendah dan perubahan diperlukan.

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to identify the manufacturing industry's strategy for accelerating economic growth in Indonesia. The descriptive qualitative technique was used in this study.   Theoretical Framework: The source of data used is secondary data obtained through literature review or literary research. The manufacturing industry has accounted for 20.27% of ASEN's national economy.   Design/Methodology/Approach: A qualitative technique was used in this research. The source of data used is secondary data obtained through literature review or literary research.   Findings: The manufacturing industry strategy materializes to accelerate Indonesia's economic development, implementing an industrial strategy 4.0, i.e. a planet to establish the Digital Industry Center of Indonesia.   Research Practical and Social Implications: The manufacturing industry's strategy to accelerate Indonesia's economic growth is embodied with the implementation of an Industrial 4.0 strategy, i.e. a planet for the implementation of the Indonesia Digital Industry Center 4.0 (PIDI 4.0).   Originality/Value: The data collected are secondary data obtained from the literature, journals, newspapers and the Central Statistical Agency (BPS). According to the necessary data, the GDP growth rate of manufacturing industry has occurred in the period 2017-2021.