Pyogenic granuloma-like Kaposi sarcoma (PGLKS) is an uncommon variant of Kaposi sarcoma (KS), which mimics benign pyogenic granuloma both clinically and histologically. We report a case of PGLKS of the toe occurring in a HIV-positive individual. It presented as a 2cm skin swelling of 2 weeks’ duration which was clinically felt to be a pyogenic granuloma. Histopathological examination revealed a polypoid atypical vascular lesion with overlying peripheral epidermal collarette. Spindle cell proliferation typically seen in KS was also identified, which was positive for human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) by immunohistochemistry, confirming the diagnosis of PGLKS. Upon review of the literature, our case is the 29th case of PGLKS reported to date, and only the sixth in Asian population. Particular attention to histomorphology, and demonstration of HHV8 in lesional tissue will aid accurate diagnosis of this rare entity.

Background: Remodelling of chromatin affects important DNA processes such as replication, transcription, recombination, repair etc. Recent studies have shown the role of histone modifying enzyme in proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) degradation upon exposure to UV. Also, H2AX phosphorylation is an established marker for DNA damage and it is essential for the recruitment of DNA repair enzymes. In case of Leishmnaia donovani, it is more important because the parasite lives inside the host macrophage under very oxidative enviroment.Hence it is prone to lot of DNA damage and depend upon various survival strategies.Methods & Materials: In the present study, the acetylation of leishmanial cells was modulated by treating the cells with HAT activator or HAT inhibitor. Treated cells were subjected to UV irradiation and cell survival was measured and compared with that of untreated cells.Results: The HAT treated cells showed higher sensitivity towards UV rays in compare to its untreated counterpart. Our experimental observation indicates histone modifications may play an important role in the regulation of DNA repair pathway in Leishmania donovani.Conclusion: This indicates role of Histone modification in the recruitment of DNA repair enzymes in L. donovani after DNA damage. Also, the chromatin compactness can be directly correlated with the damage induced by UV as HAT opens the chromatin structure making it more susceptible.

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