Data independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry is a powerful technique that is improving the reproducibility and throughput of proteomics studies. We introduce a new experimental workflow that uses this technique to construct chromatogram libraries that capture fragment ion chromatographic peak shape and retention time for every detectable peptide in an experiment. These coordinates calibrate information in spectrum libraries or protein databases to a specific mass spectrometer and chromatography setup, and enable sensitive peptide detection in quantitative experiments. We also present EncyclopeDIA, a software tool for generating and searching chromatogram libraries, and demonstrate the performance of our workflow by quantifying proteins in human and yeast cells. We find that by exploiting calibrated retention time and fragmentation specificity in chromatogram libraries, EncyclopeDIA can detect and quantify >50% more peptides from DIA experiments than with DDAbased spectrum libraries alone.