Greater attention to children's dental care as well as keeping their teeth healthy was paid by the parents with a high educational level and sufficient income.

Summary. The objective of the present study was to investigate the prevalence and severity of early childhood caries (ECC) and severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) in (SD, 0.2). The prevalence of S-ECC was 6.5% with a mean dmft of 7.8 (SD, 0.1) and dmfs of 18.1 (SD, 0.6). A significantly higher percentage of children developed S-ECC when they were breast-fed for a period longer than one year, were sleeping with a bottle containing carbohydrates during the night, or were allowed to sip from a bottle either going to sleep or during the day. A significantly higher percentage of mothers having caries-free children knew about risk factors of S-ECC and started tooth brushing after the eruption of the first tooth.There was no significant difference between the groups regarding the use of fluoride toothpaste.Conclusions. Improper infant bottle-feeding habits and no tooth brushing were found to be significant for the development of S-ECC among 3-year-old Lithuanian children.

Objective. To analyze the dynamics of prevalence and severity of dental caries among 12-and 15-year-old schoolchildren in six regions of Lithuania.Material and methods. A total of 5910 schoolchildren aged 12 and 15 years were examined. Dental caries was diagnosed according to the criteria of World Health Organization. The prevalence of dental caries was calculated by dividing the number of children with caries by the number of all children examined and expressed as percentage. Severity of dental caries was described by DMF-T index. DMF-T indices of individual persons as well as each age group were determined. Oral hygiene was evaluated by a simplified oral hygiene index. Fluoride concentration in Kretinga was 1.6-2.2 ppm; in the other regions, it varied between 0.2 to 0.4 ppm.Results. The prevalence of dental caries among 12-year-olds was 88.4% in 1983 and 85.5% in 2005; among 15-year-olds, it was 95.5% and 92.9%, respectively. Mean DMF-T score decreased from 4.5 (in 1983) to 3.7 (in 2005) among 12-year-olds and from 6.4 (in 1983) to 5.6 (in 2005 among 15-year-olds. Oral hygiene index decreased from 1.69 in 1983 to 1.34 in 2005 among 12-year-olds and from 1.46 to 1.22 among 15-year-olds, respectively.Conclusions. A tendency towards decrease in the prevalence and severity of dental caries was observed, when caries prevention program was running. Correlation between oral hygiene and DMF-T was observed in both age groups. Decreased prevalence and intensity of dental caries among 12-and 15-year-olds were associated with improved oral hygiene, usage of fluoride toothpaste, and fluoride content in drinking water.

BackgroundAvulsion of the permanent teeth is one of the most serious oral health problems among active children and adolescents. Traumatized patients require immediate and correct treatment in order to restore damaged structures and function that have major impact on daily patient’s life. As a result, proper guidelines and fast treatment methods are necessary. This case report discusses treatment of maxillary right central incisor with an open apex that had been avulsed and replanted. We review applied treatment procedures to manage dental avulsion and restore function and aesthetics.MethodsA 10-year-old male presented with avulsion of his maxillary right central incisor as a result of unintentional playground injury. The tooth had been stored dry before the patient received immediate care. The avulsed tooth was reimplanted and splinted. The applied treatment procedures include endodontic and restorative treatment as well as careful follow-up visits.ResultsThe patient underwent endodontic therapy of his maxillary right central incisor with calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament in apexification technique and the closure of apex was achieved. Canal was obturated and the tooth was restored with composite resin. Clinical and radiographic imaging follow-up showed endodontic success with closed apex. However, severe infra-position of maxillary right central incisor developed due to ankylosis.ConclusionsAnkylosis due to tooth avulsion is a common complication of reimplanted permanent incisors and must be taken into consideration. While addressing ankylosis and its results is supported by little evidence, every case must be diagnosed correctly and treated according to its negative outcomes.

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