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Pelvic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, as part of the staging surgery for cervical and endometrial carcinoma, interrupts the afferent lymphatics. The high acceptance by the community of gyn-oncologists was after finding that laparoscopic lymphadenectomy can be performed in the majority of patients and is associated with low complication rate. Incidence of lymphocele formation and incidence of severe complications associated with lymphocele, such as infection, deep venous thrombosis, or urinary tract occlusion, were retrospectively evaluated in the past years (01.

Objective During in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, final oocyte maturation is usually triggered by human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) for its known effect in mimicking Luteinizing Hormone (LH) surge; however, with the widespread use of the ‘antagonist protocol’, Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone agonist (GnRHa) is being more commonly employed as a trigger in order to minimize or eliminate the risk of ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome (OHSS). Many studies proved its efficacy in inducing oocyte maturation and its safety in preventing OHSS in high-risk groups. Moreover, some studies showed that GnRHa trigger may improve oocyte yield. This study aimed to further explore any beneficial effect of adding GnRHa to hCG (dual trigger) on oocyte yield and fertilization rate in normal responder women. Methods We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the data from 127 patients on antagonist protocol (67 dual trigger and 60 HCG trigger). Results The number of total oocytes, the number of MII oocytes and the number of fertilized oocytes were all significantly higher with the dual trigger protocol compared to hCG-only trigger. However, there is no significant difference in clinical pregnancy rate. Conclusions Using the dual trigger improved the number and quality of oocytes, and the fertilization rate in normal responders.

48-year-old woman with Mayer-RokitanskyKuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome, right kidney aplasia, a pelvic-abdominal mass, and an elevated CA-125 level underwent bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, and debulking for a presumed ovarian carcinoma. Intraoperative findings included a pelvic tumor on the surface of both ovaries. Pathological examination revealed a poorly differentiated ovarian carcinoma, mixed type, mainly of transitional and serous types, with minor components of clear cell and mucinous patterns. A stage III ovarian epithelial carcinoma, mixed type was diagnosed. The patient was treated with Paclitaxel and Carboplatin and was asymptomatic 24 months postoperatively. Rarely, ovarian carcinoma may be associated with MRKH syndrome.