BackgroundOcular trauma is an important cause of visual loss worldwide. Improvements in our knowledge of the pathophysiology and management of ocular trauma during the past 30 years, in conjunction with advances in the instrumentation and techniques of ocular surgery, have improved the efficacy of vitreoretinal surgery in injured eyes. The aim of the current study was to determine the visual outcomes and prognostic factors of open-globe injuries in the Japanese population.MethodsRetrospective study of 59 eyes of 59 patients presented with open globe injuries between September 2008 and March 2014 at Nagasaki University Hospital was conducted.Demographic factors including age, gender, and clinical data such as cause of injury, presenting visual acuity (VA), location of injury, type of injury, lens status, presence of intraocular foreign body, types of required surgeries, and final VA were recorded. According to the classification of Ocular Trauma Classification Group, wound location was classified into three zones. Chi-square test was used to compare presented data.ResultsOut of the 59 patients, 46 were placed in the Light Perception (LP) group, and 13 were placed in the No Light Perception (NLP) group. Work-related trauma was the most common cause (27 eyes) followed by falls (19eyes). Work-related trauma was common in males (P = 0.004), while falls was significantly common in females (P = 0.00001). Zone III injuries had statistically significantly poor prognostic factor compared to other zones (P = 0.04). All cases of NLP group (100%) presented with rupture globe. Poor VA at first visit (P = 0.00001), rupture globe (P = 0.026), history of penetrating keratoplasty (PK) (P = 0.017), retinal detachment (RD) (P = 0.0001), vitreous hemorrhage (VH) (P = 0.044), and dislocation of crystalline lens (P = 0.0003) were considered as poor prognostic factors.ConclusionPoor VA at first visit, rupture globe, zone III injuries, history of penetrating keratoplasty, RD, VH, and dislocation of crystalline lens were found to be poor prognostic factors. PPV had a good prognostic value in open globe injuries associated with posterior segment involvement.

PURPOSE: To evaluate subfoveal choroidal thickness in patients with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) using enhanced depth imaging (EDI) optical coherence tomography (OCT). DESIGN: Retrospective observational study.METHODS: We measured bilateral subfoveal choroidal thickness, averaged for 100 scans, in 36 patients (mean age, 66 ± 15 years; 26 women and 10 men) with unilateral CRVO by using the EDI modes of the Spectralis OCT system. Twenty-two patients were treated with intravitreal bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.05 mL), and subfoveal choroidal thickness was measured before and after treatment. Statistical analysis was performed to compare subfoveal choroidal thickness of CRVO and fellow eyes, and subfoveal choroidal thickness before and after intravitreal bevacizumab.RESULTS: Mean subfoveal choroidal thickness measured in 36 eligible eyes of 36 patients was 257.1 ± 83.2 μm, which was significantly greater than that in fellow eyes (222.6 ± 67.8 μm) (P < .01, paired t-test). There was strong correlation between CRVO eyes and fellow eyes (r = .79, P < .01). Mean subfoveal choroidal thickness after intravitreal bevacizumab was 227.7 ± 65.1 μm, which was significantly thinner than that before intravitreal bevacizumab Abstract (MUST be submitted as a separate file) therapy (266.9 ± 79.0 μm) (P < .01, paired t-test).CONCLUSIONS: Subfoveal choroidal thickness of CRVO eyes was significantly greater than that of fellow eyes and significantly decreased after intravitreal bevacizumab treatment. EDI-OCT can be used to evaluate choroidal involvement in CRVO and may assist noninvasive diagnosis and management of this disease.

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Results: Fluorescein angiography found 20 ischemic and 25 non-ischemic type eyes. Aqueous VEGF concentration in the ischemic type was significantly higher than that in the non-ischemic type (P = 0.01). Arteriovenous passage time was significantly correlated to the logarithm of the aqueous VEGF concentration (P = 0.0001). MBR of the affected eye / MBR of the unaffected eye of the ischemic type was significantly lower than the non-ischemic type (P = 0.039). Additionally, MBR was significantly correlated both to the logarithm of the aqueous VEGF concentration (P < 0.0001) and to the arteriovenous passage time (P = 0.0001).

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