Primary cutaneous lymphomas are non-Hodgkin lymphomas without extracutaneous disease at the time of diagnosis and are typically indolent. 1,2 CD30 positivity may suggest the potential for large cell transformation and progression. 3 Brentuximab vedotin (BV) is an anti-CD30 antibody-drug conjugate newly approved to treat CD30+ cutaneous lymphomas. 1An 87-year-old man was diagnosed with patch-stage mycosis fun-

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease, characterized by the presence of autoantibodies to protein and non-protein antigens. Here we report the identification of specific anti-carbohydrate antibodies (ACAs) that are associated with pathogenesis and progression to T1D. We compare circulatory levels of ACAs against 202 glycans in a cross-sectional cohort of T1D patients (n = 278) and healthy controls (n = 298), as well as in a longitudinal cohort (n = 112). We identify 11 clusters of ACAs associated with glycan function class. Clusters enriched for aminoglycosides, blood group A and B antigens, glycolipids, ganglio-series, and O-linked glycans are associated with progression to T1D. ACAs against gentamicin and its related structures, G418 and sisomicin, are also associated with islet autoimmunity. ACAs improve discrimination of T1D status of individuals over a model with only clinical variables and are potential biomarkers for T1D.