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The chapter summarizes the features of the combustion synthesis for nano- and micron-sized metal powders (Al, B, Zr, and Ti) and their mixtures with additives in N2/O2 mixtures for nitrides (oxynitrides) production. The formation of nitrides as the main phase of the combustion products of metals in air are experimentally proved and theoretically justified. The physics and chemistry of the nitride formation by the combustion process, new combustion mechanisms, the stabilization of nonequilibrium products, and the characteristics of the combustion of metal nanopowders are comprehensively discussed along with technological aspects of the combustion synthesis of nitrides

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