No abstract

In a trail to improve rabies vaccine's immunogenicity, water-soluble acrylic acid (carbopol) was used as an adjuvant in the prepared vaccine. The potency test of the National Institute of Health revealed that the prepared vaccine is potent and efficient. Studying the dynamics of serum antibody in vaccinated dogs using serum neutralizing antibodies test and ELISA showed that antibody titer (0.9 and 1.2352 respectively) reached a level considered protective within two weeks and increased till lasted consist ant (2.4 and 2.694) during the experiment for about twenty-four weeks. In conclusion, the present study results indicated that the vaccine formulated according to this study procedure could provoke long-lasting protective immune response after a single dose administration without any adverse reaction.

An inactivated Equine herpes virus-1 vaccine was successfully improved using carbomer as adjuvant inducing high and long immunity in vaccinated mares in comparison with the convention one adjuvanted with Al-hydra gel and saponin. Such purpose was established by using 0.5% carbomer as adjuvant to the inactivated EHV-1. The applied quality control tests carried out on such vaccine revealed that it is free from foreign contaminants, safe in pregnant mares and mice and potent induced high levels of specific EHV-1 antibodies in vaccinated Guinea pigs and mares as measure by ELISA and SNT. This immunity was sufficient to protect vaccinated horses up to 28 weeks (7months) post-vaccination.

The antigen mass load of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is one of the critical clues to produce a potent vaccine. In the current work, the quantification of the virus 146S antigen content was described and the relationship between antigen mass in the vaccine and the immune response to FMDV in vaccinated sheep were investigated. It was found that FMD vaccine containing at least 1.5 µg/2ml (small ruminant dose) or 3 µg/2ml (cattle and buffaloes dose) from each serotype of FMDV 146S particles and virus titers 6.55-7.3 log10 TCID50/ml gave protective immune response against FMDV. Moreover, relying on the antigenic mass coupled to ultrafiltration of the virus was showed to be of better quality and potency than depending on the volume of the virus suspensions in the formulation of FMD vaccine; however, the former technology needs with standing more cost and effort .