Leydig cell tumors (LCTs) refer to tumors of the stroma of the genital strand, which are found mainly in postmenopausal women. The diagnosis of LCTs in postmenopausal women is associated with specific difficulties and is based on the identification of hyperandrogenism with clinical manifestations of virilization, which has an erased picture in postmenopausal women. LCTs require differential diagnosis with other causes of hyperandrogenism. We present the clinical case of a 55-year-old Russian postmenopausal patient with LCTs of the right ovary, significantly increased levels of androgens, and rapidly progressive clinical signs of hyperandrogenism. The patient underwent laparoscopic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and the androgen indices reached average values by the first and third month after surgery. This case demonstrates that LCTs are often benign with a good prognosis and normalization of the clinical and laboratory manifestations of hyperandrogenism after surgical treatment. The type of surgery performed (bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy rather than unilateral) is recommended as the treatment of choice for LCTs in postmenopausal patients.

BACKGROUND: The stigma of people living with HIV (PLHIV) remains an urgent problem of modern science. Meanwhile, it can be stated that there is a lack of methods used to study stigmatization. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the stigmatization of PLHIV among healthcare workers of the obstetric and gynecological service. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 232 doctors and nurses of the obstetric and gynecological service and was conducted from April to November 2018. We adapted the Questionnaire for Doctors and Nurses Views on People Living with HIV/AIDS and the Comprehensive Health Staff Questionnaire (for sentinel surveillance) for this study. RESULTS: We have studied the current level of awareness of healthcare workers of the obstetric and gynecological service regarding the ways of HIV transmission and methods of treatment. The contradictory attitudes of medical workers towards PLHIV were considered. On the one hand, medical professionals believe that, regardless of their status, the patient deserves qualified assistance. On the other hand, they find it difficult to assess the moral aspect of HIV infection. Dependences of the level of awareness and the peculiarities of attitudes towards PLHIV on sociodemographic characteristics were established. CONCLUSIONS: This article analyzes the results of the pilot study of stigmatization of PLHIV among healthcare workers of the obstetric and gynecological service. We compared our own results with the data obtained by domestic and foreign authors and discussed the similarities and differences in the conclusions. The limitations of this pilot study were analyzed, with the probable ways of further work proposed and outlined.