La evaluación de las Humanidades y las Ciencias Sociales ha resultado siempre controvertida. En este artículo se revisan los cambios que se están produciendo en las metodologías y enfoques de la evaluación, así como las líneas de trabajo que están marcando estos procesos de evaluación en Europa. Las claves de la evaluación científica en la actualidad pueden resumirse en: 1. Utilización de datos completos sobre producción científica y desarrollo de fuentes de indicadores para revistas y libros académicos, al margen de las bases de datos comerciales; 2. Evaluación más cualitativa y/o con enfoques bottom up; 3. El acceso abierto y su implicación en la evaluación científica; 4. Métricas alternativas y citas abiertas; 5. Métricas responsables; 6. Impacto social de la investigación.

RESUMEN Los profundos cambios que se están dando en la manera en que los científicos se comunican, así como las transformaciones en la industria editorial

Books are relevant outputs in research in Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) and need to be considered properly in research evaluation. Books are different from journals and the scholarly book publishing sector remains quite unknown within evaluation agencies. This paper describes the state of the scholarly publishing sector, beyond the large publishing groups and imprints, focusing the attention to the role of small- and medium-sized scholarly publishers at the national level. Bibliodiversity and multilingualism are essential values for representing plural and diverse SSH research. They are also linked to societal impact. Academic Book Publishers project and Helsinki Initiative are described to this regard. Finally, some remarks and recommendations for addressing the assessment of books are provided.Policy HighlightsSince monographs and edited books are essential communication media in Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH), they should be considered properly in research evaluation processes. Books are not outputs of second level in SSH research.Books are different from journals, which means that specific knowledge on the book publishing ecosystem and editorial practices is needed for addressing their evaluation. In this sense, it is important:Establishing stronger connections between the associations of scholarly publishers and research evaluation agencies.Boosting research on national academic book publishing landscapes.SSH research may be locally oriented and therefore published in national languages through national journals and publishers. Academic books should be evaluated considering this relevant feature of SSH research. It entails:Using complete publication data sources that reflect the diversity of scholarly publishers contributing to the dissemination of high quality research in SSH.Acknowledging the role of the small- and medium-sized, professional scholarly publishers which in each country take care of the publication of rigorous scholarly contents, closer related to local topics and written in national languages. Their role is complementary to that of the large imprints and publishing groups.Giving an adequate value to channels that allow for generating societal impact, especially to scholarly books (by local, regional and national publishers).Indicators can be used properly only if they take into account the diversity of scholarly publishers and the characteristics of the publishing landscape.

This chapter reflects on how journals and book publishers in the fields of humanities and social sciences are studied and evaluated in Spain, particularly with regard to assessments of books and book publishers. The lack of coverage of Spanish output in international databases is underlined as one of the reasons for the development of nationwide assessment tools, both for scholarly journals and books. These tools, such as RESH and DICE (developed by ILIA research team), are based on a methodology which does not rely exclusively on a citation basis, thus providing a much richer set of information. They were used by the main Spanish assessment agencies, whose key criteria are discussed in this chapter. This chapter also presents the recently developed expert survey-based methodology for the assessment of book publishers included in the system Scholarly Publishers Indicators.