The article substantiates the need to study the fluctuations of the area of the Red riverbed in the area of the city of Hanoi in certain historical periods. A methodology for studying the river, including methods of remote sensing of the Earth (remote sensing) and Geographic Information System (GIS), is proposed. It is established that during each historical period, the riverbed changes in the direction of a gradual balance of bends, erosion of the banks and growth between the two banks. The influence of climate change on spatial changes in the riverbed was analyzed using a superimposed map and ceilings. Explosive fluctuations in the area of the riverbed were detected during periods of peak floods and greatest droughts. The results of the research that formed the basis for building a spatial security corridor and planning operational and environmental solutions on both banks of the river are presented.