SummaryDiclofenac (Dc) induces an IgE-independent basophil (Ba) degranulation in susceptible individuals. CD63 Ba expression is utilized as an in vitro test for diagnosis of drug hypersensitivity. We tested the ability of Dc to induce CD63 Ba expression by flow cytometry (BAT) and Ba degranulation using light microscopy (HBDT) in patients sensitive to Dc. We studied 14 patients with diclofenac hypersensitivity, also two patients sensitive to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp), and 12 normal controls. HBDT was performed by mononuclear cells toluidine blue staining. BAT determined CD63 expression in antiCD63/anti-IgE/anti-CD45-labelled whole blood. In each case, the percentage of activated Ba post-stimulation with 1 and 10 mg/ml Dc was determined. Positive controls included N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) peptide-induced activation. IgE-mediated Ba activation was induced with a Dp allergenic extract. With Dc 1 mg/ml, mean HBDT in Dc-susceptible individuals was 33·62 Ϯ 18·35% and 8·49 Ϯ 4·79% in controls (P = 0·0001). Mean BAT was 2·04 Ϯ 1·68% and 1·93 Ϯ 1·40% in controls (P = 0·8). Ba preincubation with Dc did not affect fMLP-induced CD63 expression, neither in Dc-sensitive individuals (P = 0·8) (n = 4) nor in subjects without Dc hypersensitivity (P = 0·25) (n = 4). Ba from the two patients sensitive both to Dc and Dp responded to Dp but not to Dc by BAT: Dc, 1·99 Ϯ 0·78%; Dp: 60·87 Ϯ 9·28%; but showed degranulation by HBDT: Dc, 30·53 Ϯ 1·02%, Dp: 48·78 Ϯ 22·17%. Dc induces Ba degranulation in sensitive patients in a way that does not induce CD63 expression and is different from IgE-mediated and fMLP-mediated degranulation. Our results suggest that CD63 expression is not a reliable diagnostic method for diclofenac allergy.
El duelo prolongado es una respuesta normal de duelo, pero persistente y profunda. Las manifestaciones se extienden por un atípico período de 6 meses o más (CIE-11) o de 12 meses (DSM-5TR) después de la pérdida de un ser querido. En el trabajo se destaca la distancia conceptual del nuevo trastorno con el enfoque clásico, reflejado en otra sección del DSM-5, lo que sugiere un desacuerdo entre distintos grupos de trabajo. Pertenece al enfoque clásico también, la perspectiva de Freud y su diferencia entre duelo y melancolía (depresión mayor). Se ilustra el trabajo de duelo en un caso particular y autobiográfico, que muestra que la frontera entre lo normal y lo patológico es incierta en el duelo. El nuevo diagnóstico puede ser un factor que contribuya a ayudar a una población cada vez mayor de individuos longevos que enviudan, pero el riesgo es la medicalización del duelo.
La autora retoma tres momentos en Lacan, para subrayar que la influencia de la conceptualización psicoanalítica se da en una dialéctica de alienación y de rechazo que puede, quizás, superarse en un tiempo de invención.
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