La alteración de los lípidos en sangre o dislipidemias sobre todo el colesterol y triglicéridos, son un factor de riesgo de ateroesclerosis y enfermedades cardiovasculares. En este trabajo se analizó el efecto del consumo de huevo, clara, yema de huevo, mantequilla y maní sobre el perfil lipídico de ratones sanos. Se utilizaron seis grupos de ratones hembras sanas, el grupo control (GC) recibió balanceado comercial, mientras que en los demás grupos, 15% de su alimentación diaria consistió en huevo entero (GHE), yema (GY), clara de huevo (GCH), manteca o mantequilla (GMT) o maní (GMN), durante 28 días. Al final de este periodo, se obtuvo la muestra de suero para la determinación de los niveles de colesterol total (CT), triglicéridos (TG), colesterol HDL, colesterol LDL y colesterol VLDL, y se calcularon los índices de riesgo aterogénico y de riesgo cardiaco. Se observó un aumento estadísticamente significativo en los niveles de CT y LDL en relación al GC en los grupos GHE (p<0,0001), GY (p<0,0001), GCH (p<0,005) y GMT (p<0,001), mientras que en niveles de TG presentan un aumento los grupos GHE (p<0,0001) y GY (p<0,0001). El nivel de HDL aumentó significativamente en los grupos GHE (p<0,005) y GMT (p<0,001), y en cuanto al índice de riesgo cardiaco y aterogénico el grupo GY fue el único que reveló aumento significativo (p<0,0001). En el grupo que recibió maní (GMN), no se alteraron los niveles de lípidos, y por lo tanto tampoco el riesgo cardiaco ni aterogénico, lo que se traduce en un menor riesgo de enfermedades cardiovasculares de este grupo. The alteration of blood lipids or dyslipidemias, especially cholesterol and triglycerides, are a risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. In this work, the effect of consumption of egg, egg white, egg yolk, butter and peanut on the lipid profile of healthy mice was analyzed. Six groups of healthy female mice were used, the control group (GC) received commercial pellets, while for the other groups, 15% of their daily food consisted of whole egg (GHE), egg yolk (GY), egg white (GCH) ), butter (GMT) or peanut (GMN), for 28 days. At the end of this period, a serum sample was obtained for the determination of the levels of total cholesterol (CT), triglycerides (TG), HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and VLDL cholesterol, and cardiac and atherogenic risk index were calculated. A statistically significant increase in TC and LDL levels was observed in relation to GC in the GHE (p <0,0001), GY (p <0,0001), GCH (p <0,005) and GMT (p <0,001) groups; whereas TG levels showed an increase in the GHE (p <0,0001) and GY (p <0,0001) groups. The HDL level increased significantly in the groups GHE (p <0,005) and GMT (p <0,001), and in terms of the cardiac and atherogenic risk index, the GY group was the only group that revealed a significant increase (p <0,0001). In the group that received peanuts (GMN), the lipid levels were not altered, and therefore neither the cardiac nor the atherogenic risk, which indicates the risk of cardiovascular diseases in this group, were affected.
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