Hygienic working conditions and the labor process affect the functional state of the body of workers and reflect in the performance indicators of the cardiovascular system. The study aims to learn the temporal characteristics of heart rate variability in doctors and nursing staff of second-and third-level obstetric institutions. Scientists examined 228 people of higher and secondary medical personnel with the help of the Varikard 2.51 hardware and software complex. In the dynamics of the working shift, we studied the mean square deviation of the cardiac intervals R-R; the square root of the sum of the differences of a sequential series of NN intervals; the voltage index of regulatory systems. We researched the basis of maternity institutions of the second and third levels in some cities of the Central Federal District: Ryazan, Kolomna, Lipetsk, Smolensk. The data obtained during the study of the features of the regulatory potential of medical workers of various professional groups allowed us to understand the influence of factors of the labor process on adaptive resources, estimated by the indicators of the time analysis of heart rate variability (HRV). The researchers obtained statistically significant differences in time indicators of heart rate variability (the mean square deviation of cardiac intervals R-R; the square root of the sum of the differences of a consecutive series of NN intervals; stress index of regulatory systems) in professional groups of obstetricians, gynecologists, neonatologists, midwives, anesthesiologists, as well as ward nurses of perinatal centers and maternity hospitals in the dynamics of the work shift. It is possible to use the results of the conducted research to develop scientifically based recommendations for the prevention of professionally caused overstrain of adaptive systems of the body.