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Abstract. The need to develop small businesses, increase the number of participating citizens is due to the understanding of the importance of this form of entrepreneurship as a valuable social resource and as a factor of economic growth. Experience in the development of the economy prosperous countries demonstrates the positive impact small businesses in various indicators of the national economy, the formation of the optimal social structure of postindustrial type. At the same time, Russia's business entities in the organization and development businesses face many different obstacles, one of which is the inefficiency of the credit system. The article presents the results of a survey of entrepreneurs in Tyumen, reflecting problems in the banking lending business activities.

The article continues a series of publications on the political, socio-economic, and demographic development of Chechens and Ingush. This study raises the issues of the formation and evolution of the statehood of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR. The incompleteness of this process in modern Russia gives additional relevance to the analysis. The article shows that the Soviet experience of state construction in the region has apparent similarities with previous imperial policy. They are pragmatism at the heart of the theory and practice of regulating political and socio-economic life, economic integration into the body of a large country, and the creation of conditions for the development of ethnic self-identification of the Caucasian peoples.

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