Chronic endometritis (CE) is a disease of continuous and invisible inflammation characterized by infiltration of plasma cells in the stromal region of the endometrium. Numerous studies have proven that CE leads to repeated implantation failures. While it is believed that the etiology of CE is mainly associated with microorganisms, the key links in pathogenesis are yet not fully understood, although there is a modern evidence that CE causes local immune disorders and impaired endometrial decidualization. Considering the insufficient effectiveness of antibiotic therapy for CE, especially in cases of resistant pathogens, or in the case of viral chronic endometritis, regimens with additional treatment that affect other etiopathogenetic pathways of CE development and maintenance are necessary. One of the methods that affects etiopathogenesis of CE is a cytokine therapy. In this review, the authors tried to consider CE with special emphasis on the etiology, epidemiology, clinical features, pathophysiology, and treatment of CE and reproductive disorders in women in association with repeated implantation failures. The review ends with a description of the clinical case.

Chronic endometritis is associated with adverse reproductive outcomes such as implantation failure and miscarriage. A high percentage of ineffective use of assisted reproductive technologies in chronic endometritis determines the need to study morphogenesis, timely diagnosis and pathogenetic therapy of this disease. The article presents a modern view of etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment tactics, as well as a clinical case of managing a patient with uterine infertility associated with repeated implantation failures, according to domestic and foreign literature.