The reasons for the emerging cooperative ties between enterprises and the joint implementation of cluster development programs are substantiated. It has been determined that the obstacles to the implementation of cooperation programs are the competition that arises between its participants, which creates certain contradictions that impede their joint activities. The main goals, contradictions and methods of resolving contradictions, as well as ensuring the effective interaction of partners of non-competing enterprises, within which cooperative ties of internationalization, vertical integration and diversification, as well as competitor enterprises, in the form of pseudo-concentration, integration and complementary forms, are identified and generalized. cooperation. The solutions to the partners' contradictions are based on the conditions for ensuring the fulfillment of the strategic tasks of each partner, the transparency of their relations, mutual interest in the effectiveness of partners, mutual assistance, eliminating the risk of opportunistic behavior, strengthening the competitive position of another partner, and the loss of strategic know-how.
АНАЛИЗ ЛИБЕРАЛЬНОЙ И ДИРИЖИСТСКОЙ МОДЕЛЕЙ КЛАСТЕРНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ Анна Филипповна БурукСибирский государственный университет геосистем и технологий, 630108, Россия, г. Новосибирск, ул. Плахотного, 10, кандидат экономических наук, доцент кафедры цифровой экономики и менеджмента, тел. (383)361-01-24; Институт экономики и организации промышленного производства СО РАН, 630090, Россия, г. Новосибирск, пр. Академика Лаврентьева, 17, На основании приведенных результатов зарубежных исследований обосновано, что кластерная политика положительно влияет на развитие регионов, а также на экономическое состояние страны в целом. Рассмотрены особенности кластерной политики с точки зрения дирижистской и либеральной моделей. Обозначены механизмы поддержки кластеров, в том числе мероприятия, направленные на государственную поддержку, улучшение взаимодействия компаний между собой, с государственным предприятиями, институтами развития, зарубежными партнерами. Рассмотрены основные недостатки кластерной политики России. Предложены направления повышения эффективности кластерной политики России.Ключевые слова: кластерная политика, кластерные проекты, механизмы, инициативы, государственная поддержка, инновации, коммерциализация технологий, инициация межкластерных проектов.
The main characteristics of e-commerce, conceptual apparatus, development trends in domestic and foreign markets are considered. The main features characterizing Internet marketing are highlighted, recommendations are offered in the field of education to provide e-commerce market with specialists in accordance with the emerging new needs.
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