Introduction. The potato harvester operation quality depends not only on the design features, but also on the method for harvesting of potatoes. Cultivation of potatoes involves the implementation of a set of measures aimed at improving and preserving the quality of commercial products when harvesting of potatoes. In this regard, to reduce yield losses and prevent wind erosion of soil, a unit and method for harvesting of potatoes is proposed. To reduce the number of clods commensurate with the size of tubers, there are installed ripper tines ahead of the potato harvester tool. The aim of the work is to conduct a theoretical research of the tool of the potato harvester to reduce yield losses and soil erosion. Materials and Methods. The lifting plowshare operation has been analyzed. Its angle to the horizon determines the least displacement of the lifting plowshare, the minimum resistance to the soil layer movement and optimal height of lifting soil mass. The optimal value of the plowshare inclination angle has been determined taking into account the condition that the back pressure of the soil layer should be minimal. Results. There has been proposed a mathematical dependence for determining the optimal value of the angle of plowshare inclination, which determines the minimum value of the soil layer back pressure acting along the plowshare. As a result of the research, there have been plotted graphical dependences of the optimal value of the plowshare inclination angle on the coefficient of soil friction on the plowshare and dependences of the height of a soil layer lifting with the plowshare on the inclination angle optimal value at a fixed plowshare length. Discussion and Conclusion. In carrying out the theoretical research of the potato harvester plowshare, the soil type and coefficient of a soil layer friction on the plowshare were taken into account. There has been determined the optimal angle of plowshare inclination to provide optimal breaking down of soil with minimum soil bulldozing, thus ensuring reduction in yield losses.

The effect of auxiliary substances in the composition of the dosage form (sucrose, lactose, talc and starch) on the voltammetric registration of tryptophan using two- and threesensor systems such as "electronic tongue" based on glassy carbon electrodes modified with polyarylenephthalides was studied. For the subsequent chemometric processing of the obtained data, the principal component analysis and soft independent modeling of class analogies were used. It has been shown that electrodes modified with various polyarylenephthalides have cross-sensitivity to four model solutions of tryptophan, each of which contains a certain auxiliary component. When the modified electrodes are used separately, the analyzed model solutions of tryptophan form clusters on the score plots of PCA that intersect with each other, which does not allow them to be reliably recognized. However, the combination of modified electrodes into two- and three-sensor systems due to cross-sensitivity makes it possible to obtain the PCA score plots, in which clusters of samples of model solutions of tryptophan intersect less or do not intersect at all, and, therefore, to recognize them with a high probability. In almost all cases of using two- and three-sensor systems, the classification sensitivity is 100%. When using modified electrodes separately, the specificity of the classification varies from 20 to 100%, when using two-sensor systems – from 50 to 100%. The specificity of the classification when using a three-sensor system is not less than 90%. The proposed sensor system, after additional studies, can be used to recognize medicines containing the same active substance, but different auxiliary components, and will also allow detecting the presence of impurities in medicines.

Other features of the modern Russian rural society include the weakening of the position of agriculture itself, the increasing diversity of rural employment, the formation of rural-urban labor markets, all of which are directly related to the saturation of rural areas with urban residents, which gives impetus to the use of innovative forms of investment activity in the social sphere of emerging rural agglomerations. At the same time, the tasks set in the new State Program "Integrated Development of Rural Territories" (the beginning of implementation of which falls on January 2020) are not large-scale both to the existing networks of rural social services, and to the system of rural settlement and the nature of demographic processes in rural areas of Russia. There is an institutional imbalance, in which the management of the infrastructural development of the rural sociosphere is extremely difficult, and requires the introduction of new mechanisms, including related. The purpose of the study is to summarize the domestic and foreign experience of creating multifunctional public centers in rural areas, as well as to identify the possibility of realizing their investment potential. It is shown that the functioning of multifunctional public centers is an effective method for improving the quality of life of the rural population in the socio-cultural, socioeducational, social and leisure, social and household, tourist and educational spheres. The generalization of foreign experience allows us to distinguish centers by their functions (on the basis of educational institutions, cultural institutions, leisure centers); by spatial solution (in one building or several buildings); by location in a settlement (in the center of a settlement, near a transport hub, in an inter-settlement equidistant space). The domestic experience of providing multidisciplinary services to the rural population is primarily associated with two integrated approaches, when the resource-based approach.

The article presents an analysis of the functioning and development of enterprises in the industrial complex of the region. The characteristic of the potential of the Orenburg region is given. An analysis of the state of the region's industry is presented. On the basis of the study, the factors influencing the development of the industrial potential of the region were identified. Directions for the development of industrial enterprises in the context of changes in the geopolitical and economic situation are proposed. The significance of the results of the study lies in the fact that the main provisions and conclusions can be used in the formation of a set of measures and the development of recommendations for the formation of the industrial policy of the region. The developed recommendations and methodological provisions can be used in the development of the concept and strategies for the development of enterprises in the region in order to increase their competitiveness in Russian and foreign markets. The implementation of the developed recommendations will ensure the growth of competitive advantages and the sustainable functioning and development of the industrial sector of the economy.