Migration is a global issue. The period 2015-2016 is associated with the migration crisis, which touched several regions of the world at once and made and continues to make an impact on global world processes. The growth of migration flows leads to the need to understand the causes and the consequences of migration, including global migration trends. The following world migration trends and causes are considered: the growth of world population, overpopulation, climate change, demographic processes, the reduction of natural resources, and unresolved armed conflicts. The global problems of migration cannot be solved by the efforts of individual countries. An effective and coordinated cooperation of both state and supranational entities, such as the European Union, is necessary.

Importance of the raised problem is caused by significance and necessity of Argos research for understanding the phenomenon of Greek Polis. The article is aimed at indicating main tendencies of domestic and foreign politics processes during archaic period. The leading research method of the problem became historical method, which investigates historical events, phenomena and processes in their chronological development and close connection. On the basis of the results got while analyzing the sources and literature we have revealed the main aspects of political development of Argos in the time of Temenid Dynasty ruling, have studied the political status of Argos after the Temenid dynasty collapse in VI century BC and have researched the milestones of the struggle of Argos and Sparta for the hegemony in the Peloponnese in VIII-VI centuries BC. The article materials can be used in the educational process to design the summarizing works and special courses and teaching aids on socio-political history of Ancient Greece.

The relevance of the research topic is determined by the fact that the 4 th century BC for the Greek poleis was the time of regular inter-poleis conflicts in which a special role was played by Argos. Argos is poorly studied in modern historiography; its place in the historically developed system of Greek poleis has not been properly investigated and evaluated. The paper is aimed at examining the course of foreign policy of the polis of Argos in the 4 th century BC and indicating its role in the inter-poleis conflicts. The key methodology of the research is made up by a set of methods based on the study of various data on the topic. The paper indicates the position of Argos in inter-poleis conflicts, reveals the facts of its aggressive foreign policy that was oriented to rival Sparta, presents the stages of activity of the Argives in establishing the state. The paper findings may be useful in academic studies while compiling general works on the military history of ancient Greece, or while running special courses devoted to the history of the political development of ancient Greece.

Purpose: The article deals with the research activities and interests of Vladimir Mikhailovich Khvostov, which were quite diverse. After analyzing numerous historiographical and archival sources, as well as available literature on this topic, it will be advisable to identify three areas of scientific interests of the scientist. Methodology: The History of diplomacy and international relations; problems of General and national history (mainly the events of world wars); and the tasks of pedagogical science in General (including historical education). In any of the three presented topics of the study V. M. Khvostov managed to prove himself as a teacher, historian, and organizer of science. Results: Vladimir Mikhailovich Khvostov studied relations between the world's leading powers, military clashes, and diplomatic history. However, the creative contribution of this scientist has not yet been the subject of special consideration. The article marks the contribution made by Academician Khvostov Vladimir Mikhailovich in the Pugwash movement, his reports, and talks at international congresses and conferences. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: This paper analyzes numerous historiographical and archival sources and available literature on the research activities and interests of Vladimir Mikhailovich Khvostov in the context of the History of diplomacy and international relations.

Purpose: the aim of the undertaken study is to consider the dynamics of the church-state relationship in the context of Russian new cultural tendencies at the turn of the century. Methodology: Thus, The methodological basis of the research was formed by philosophical analysis of the church-state relationship, historicism and comparison principles. The following tasks were being solved: defining the interaction ways between the religious organizations and the state on the modern stage of the Russian society development; pointing out the prospects of consolidation of both the сhurch and the state around the democratic civil society fostering program in XXI century; revealing the need to promote respectful attitude towards human values as an integral part of spiritual culture. Result: The authors achieved the following results within the study: A wider notions of church and state were introduced demonstrating the similarity of some of their functions: offering moral guidance for social well-being; historic doctrinal models “caesaropapism”, “papocaesarism” and “symphony(concordance) of powers” were identified and characterized alongside with their secular counterparts - separation and cooperation models of church-state relationship. In conclusion of the article the urgent need for the transition of church-state relationship from political to social and cultural spheres was justified. Applications: This research can be used for the universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Socio-Cultural Interaction Forms of Church and State on the Example of the Russian Orthodox Church is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.