A B S T R A C TBackground: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality in Iran; with dyslipidemia as an important contributing risk factor. Objectives: To assess the early onset of dyslipidemia, our goal was to determine lipids and lipoproteins levels in cord blood and their correlation with maternal age as a first study in Iran. Patients and Methods: This cross sectional study was done on the cord blood of 243 healthy, full-term newborn infants (114 females and 129 males). The blood was sampled from the umbilical cord immediately after a normal delivery. The serum was tested in order to determine the lipid profile including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C). Low density-lipoprotein (LDL-C) was computed by Friedewald equation. Results: A statistically significant negative correlation was observed between cord blood HDL-C and maternal age (r = -0.18, P <0.01). There was no relationship between other lipids and lipoproteins with maternal age. Our findings also showed the TC, TG and LDL-C mean level were significantly more and the mean level of HDL-C was significantly lower than reference value. Additionally, the mean of TC and LDL-C in female neonates were significantly more than the male (P <0.01). Also, there was no correlation between cord blood lipids and lipoproteins with birth weight and maternal body mass index (BMI). Conclusions: In a current study based on increasing maternal age, the HDL-C level in cord blood was decreased which is an independent risk factor for CVDs in adulthood.

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This study investigates the determinants for the uptake of Full and Hybrid Open Access (OA) in the university landscape of Germany and distinguishes between three factors: The disciplinary profile, infrastructures and services of universities that aim to support OA, and large transformative agreements. The uptake of OA, the influence of the disciplinary profile of universities and the influence of transformative agreements is measured by combining several data sources (incl. Web of Science, Unpaywall, an authority file of standardised German affiliation information, the ISSN-Gold-OA 4.0 list, and lists of publications covered by transformative agreements). For infrastructures and services that support OA, a structured data collection was created by harvesting different sources of information and by manual online search. To determine the explanatory power of the different factors, a series of regression analyses was performed for different periods and for both Full as well as Hybrid OA. As a result of the regression analyses, the most determining factor for the explanation of differences in the uptake of both OA-types turned out to be the disciplinary profile. For the year 2020, Hybrid OA transformative agreements have become a second relevant factor. However, all variables that reflect local infrastructural support and services for OA turned out to be non-significant. To deepen the understanding of the adoption of OA on the level of institutions, the outcomes of the regression analyses are contextualised by an interview study conducted with 20 OA officers of German universities.