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CONCLUSIONA BMI of 24.0 to 25.9 seems to be associated with the lowest 7-year mortality and should be recommended as the most favorable BMI in Caucasian elderly people.Even though nutrient intake can decrease complications and mortality, 10 it remains uncertain whether longtime intervention with higher BMI and nutritional status will increase survival in a group of undernourished people.

Background During 2020, Israel experienced two COVID-19-related lockdowns that impacted the provision of primary and secondary preventive care. Methods We examined the month-by-month performance of selected preventive care services using data from Israel’s national Quality Indicators in Community Healthcare (QICH) program. Process of care measures included Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) testing, cholesterol testing, colon cancer screening, and mammography. Intermediate outcome measures included low-density lipoprotein (LDL) control and HbA1c control. Measures were stratified by sex and by area-level socioeconomic position (SEP). Diabetes and mammography are presented in this abstract due to space limitations. Results Annual HbA1c testing among persons with diabetes decreased from 90.9% in 2019 to 88.0% in 2020. Performance of HbA1c tests during lockdown months was as low as half the usual amount. There were compensatory increases in testing during post-lockdown months that did not quite make up for the missed tests. In 2019, 9.0% of Israelis with diabetes had poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 9.0); in 2020, it was 8.8%. In total, 4.5% fewer mammograms were performed in 2020 compared with 2019. Women in the lowest SEP level performed 10.4% fewer mammograms in 2020 than in 2019, while women in the highest SEP level performed 3.1% more mammograms. Conclusions Prolonged COVID lockdowns in 2020 were associated with marked decreases in the performance of preventive health services during those months. Compensatory spikes following the end of lockdowns partly, but did not completely, make up for the missed care. COVID lockdowns may have exacerbated socioeconomic disparities in some preventive health services.

Background/aimLittle is known about the association between maternal exposure during pregnancy to organophosphate pesticides (OP) and fetal growth. We aimed to study whether maternal exposure to the dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites during the first half of pregnancy was associated with fetal growth as estimated by ultrasonographic prenatal examinations (US).MethodsAn ongoing cohort study of pregnant women recruited at 11–18 weeks of gestation, who were interviewed and gave a urine specimen upon recruitment. In order to analyse the fetal growth, we used repeated US fetal measurements of head circumference (HC), femur length (FL), abdominal circumference (AC) and biparietal diameter (BPD). Urine specimens were analysed for DAP metabolites in the Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine of the University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany. Linear and mixed linear models (with DAP, gestational age and gender as fixed effects and mothers as random effects) were constructed to study the associations between OP exposure and US measurements.ResultsA total of 826 US measurements were conducted in 211 women for each of the four US parameters. 165 women had more than two US measurements and 99 women had 4–7 measurements during pregnancy. Linear regression models for the association between DAP and the last US measurement adjusting for gender, suggested negative associations; HC (ß=-15.3, p=0.07), FL (ß=-3.8, p=0.07), AC (ß=-15.3, p=0.08), BPD(ß=-4.06, p=0.08). Mixed linear models with all US data did not support any association between maternal DAP level and fetal growth (HC: ß=-0.21, std=1.03, p=0.8; FL: ß=-0.01, std=0.23, p=0.9; AC: ß=-0.03, std=1.23, p=0.9; and BPD: ß=0.05, std=0.31, p=0.8).ConclusionIn this preliminary analysis, there was a suggested inverse association between DAP exposure and fetal growth. To our knowledge, this analysis is the first to use repeated fetal measurements and early maternal DAP levels. Further analyses controlling for gestational age will be conducted.

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