The relationship between health and environment is beginning to gain prominence due to the intense process of industrialization and urbanization, as this is accompanied by factors that have begun to affect human health. The study aims to analyze perceptions of socio-environmental and health conditions based on information collected from families in a community in the urban area of Caxias, Maranhão. This research was characterized by being quantitative and qualitative and the data collection was done from a questionnaire. The analysis of information was based on the technique of content analysis (qualitative) and through simple frequency in tables and graphs (quantitative). The results show that the factors that may contribute to possible damage to the health of these residents were: consumption of unfiltered water, lack of garbage collection by the municipality, open sewer. The results obtained in this study may contribute to the identification of problems that can certainly affect the families studied and thus provide subsidies to the municipal authorities for the implementation of specific public policies.