Objective information about legibility of physician handwriting is scant. This retrospective chart review compared handwritten general medicine clinic chart notes from internal medicine faculty and housestaff with their typed counterparts. The written counterparts took 11 seconds (46%) longer to read and 5 seconds (11%) longer to answer comprehension questions. The authors' comprehension measure (developed specifically for ambulatory clinic notes) was only slightly higher for typed notes. The legibility of physician handwriting is not as dismal as assumed; physicians can effectively communicate on paper.
We report on five hemoglobin (Hb) beta chain variants that were initially identified either by electrophoretic, chromatographic or isoelectric focusing (IEF) methods. These variants do not appear to be associated with clinical or hematological abnormalities. All variants were confirmed by DNA sequence analysis.
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