Abstract-A morpheme, is a set of feature matrices dominated by a single node. Reduplication or gemination is one of the productive morphological processes which have been studied inclusively in different languages and in the frame of different linguistic theories like Generative Grammar, Optimality Theory and Minimalist Program. McCarthy's prosodic theory is justified by an analysis of the formal properties of the system of verbal processes like reduplication are the primary or sole morphological operations. This theory of nonconcatenative morphology recognizing the root as a discontinuous constituent. Under the prosodic model, a morphological category which characteristically reduplicates simply stipulates an output template composed of vowel and consonant. Consonantal roots and vocalic melodies in Arabic, although they contain bundles of the same distinctive features, can nevertheless be represented on separate autosegmental tiers. This ensures that the association conventions for melodies can operate independently on these two tiers. Association of autosegments from different tiers to the same segments will be subject to the natural restriction that no segment receives multiple associations for the same nontonal feature.

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Introduction: The present study aimed to examine the spatial-temporal mapping in Persian based on Lakoff and Johnson's conceptual metaphors theory to find the temporal frame reference its adoption sources. The metaphor of "time as space" is based on the hypothesis that we adopt an abstract concept such as time from an objective concept such as space and conceptualize it in our minds and languages. Methods: The required data were analyzed by designing five experimental linguistic and non-linguistic experiments to achieve the research objectives. Experiments include temporal word arrangement, the arrangement of temporal stickers/tokens, and language elicitation with Wednesday meeting, picture arrangement, and co-speech gesture. One hundred fifty-five male and female students aged 18 to 54 from Islamic Azad University of Khorramshahr Branch and Abadan University of Medical Sciences participated in these experimental experiments. Results: Samples' percentage and frequency of occurrence illustrated that lateral axis from right to left adopted from Persian writing direction; sagittal axis back to front adopted from walking direction, looking direction, linguistic metaphors; lateral axis from left to right adopted from mathematics writing direction are the main sources of adoption of abstract temporal concepts in Persian. Conclusion: This research implied that the adopted frame of reference and the sagittal or lateral axes are strongly influenced by the type of task, pattern and design of the experiment, the given concepts, language and linguistic metaphors, and cultural artifacts.