Consensus appears to be that the ALT can be tried for patients with highly needed catheters when infection with coagulase-negative staphylococci is documented and no systemic signs of sepsis, such as hypotension, are evident. Most of these patients are likely to need systemic therapy as well. Infection of the catheter associated with systemic gram-negative bacteremia or fungemia will most likely require removal of the catheter to prevent systemic complications. Additional research with the ALT is warranted given unanswered questions.