The growing demand for the operationalization of scientific concepts makes them to be proposed as an intervention design. In this context, the objective of this study is to know the concepts and conceptions that identify vulnerability, be it social, environmental or socio-environmental, as well as to distinguish the types of vulnerability; identify social, environmental and socio-environmental vulnerability factors; and, analyze the role of public policies in mitigating vulnerabilities. Therefore, a bibliographic research was carried out with a descriptive approach. It was found that people in general need to be aware of the risks and vulnerabilities that are permanently observed in cities. The rapid and intense alteration of natural landscapes into artificial landscapes generated, above all, by human constructions, and which characterize urban spaces, results in numerous problems for cities, requiring public policies to create defense mechanisms for risk factors. so that all together can overcome vulnerabilities, be they social, environmental or socio-environmental.

O município de Russas, localizado no Estado do Ceará, Brasil, vem apresentando nos últimos anos um grande crescimento populacional, desencadeando uma significativa expansão urbana e problemas socioambientais. Por isso, o objetivo deste estudo é mapear a vulnerabilidade socioambiental da área urbana da cidade de Russas, Ceará, bem como analisar os fatores de riscos socioambientais e verificar a relação existente entre as desigualdades sociais e a vulnerabilidade ambiental. A metodologia utilizada foi adaptada do trabalho de Alves (2006), fazendo uso dos indicadores de vulnerabilidade ambiental, dados socioeconômicos e demográficos do Censo do Instituto Brasileiro de Geográfica e Estatística realizado no ano de 2010. Para facilitar a compreensão das técnicas, a metodologia apresenta-se em duas fases distintas que abrangeram a vulnerabilidade social e ambiental, resultando no mapeamento da vulnerabilidade socioambiental. Pode-se considerar que em alguns bairros de Russas, a vulnerabilidade social é agravada pela ambiental, configurando desta forma a vulnerabilidade socioambiental. Diante desta relação faz-se necessário que políticas públicas sejam efetivadas para que os indivíduos agucem sua percepção ambiental e tenham capacidade de enxergar o mundo, tais como as que contemplem: a criação de programa municipal de educação ambiental; projetos de reflorestamento das matas ciliares; saneamento básico da cidade, entre outros.Palavras-chave: Risco; Degradação Ambiental; Urbanização. Mapping of socio-environmental vulnerability in the urban space of Russas, Ceará, Brazil: An integration of sociodemographic and environmental data ABSTRACTThe municipality of Russas, located in the State of Ceará, Brazil, has in recent years shown a great population growth, triggering a significant urban expansion and socio-environmental problems. Therefore, the aim of this study is to map the socio-environmental vulnerability of the urban area of the city of Russas, Ceará, as well as to analyze the socio-environmental risk factors and verify the relationship between social inequalities and environmental vulnerability. The methodology used was adapted from the work of Alves (2006), using environmental vulnerability indicators, socioeconomic and demographic data from the Census of the Brazilian Institute of Geographic and Statistics conducted in 2010. To facilitate the understanding of the techniques, the methodology is presented in two distinct phases that covered social and environmental vulnerability, resulting in the mapping of socio-environmental vulnerability. It can be considered that in some neighborhoods of Russas, social vulnerability is aggravated by the environment, thus configuring socio-environmental vulnerability. In view of this relationship, it is necessary that public policies be carried out so that individuals sharpen their environmental perception and have the capacity to see the world, such as those they contemplate: the creation of a municipal environmental education program; ripening forest reforestation projects; sanitation of the city, among others.Keywords: Risk; Environmental Degradation; Urbanization.

The expansion of human occupation over the limits of cities leads to the depletion of infrastructure, impacts on its dynamics and imposes mobility difficulties. This type of territorial occupation results in urbanization patterns that undermine equity, efficiency and the continuity of the city as a support for social life. Therefore, this article aims to reflect on the importance of socio-environmental vulnerability in territorial planning and its use to guarantee the social function of the city. In order to reach the objective, an integrative review was used using the following questions: What approaches have guided the approaches to socio-environmental vulnerability in undergraduate and graduate courses? What are the methodologies for applying socio-environmental vulnerability that can be identified in the publications? For the selection of articles, the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) database was used. It can be seen that research on socio-environmental vulnerability has contributed satisfactorily to the importance of this topic in Brazil, which allows progress through the use of new techniques and tools, which enabled a favorable diagnosis of socio-environmental vulnerability factors in the country. Brazilian context. However, it was found that in Brazil there is great potential to make a qualitative leap in several areas, including the issue of territorial planning, which should associate measures of an ethical, social, economic and environmental nature that carry out the maximum of Brazilian environmental legislation. With regard to land use and occupation, there is still a lack of awareness for an orderly, balanced and fair occupation.