No-tillage and organic farming are important strategies to improve soil quality. This study aimed to quantify the effects of the tillage systems and organic management on total organic carbon (TOC), labile C (C L ), and biological indicators in an Acrisol in north-eastern Brazil. Five systems were studied: NV, native vegetation; NT/ORG, no-tillage plus organic fertiliser; NT/CHE, no-tillage plus chemical fertiliser; NT/CHE/ORG, no-tillage plus organic and chemical fertiliser; CT/CHE, conventional tillage plus chemical fertiliser. Soil samples were collected in the 0-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m depths. TOC stocks were higher in NT/CHE/ORG (0-0.10 m, 14.0 Mg/ha; 0.10-0.20 m, 13.0 Mg/ha) and NT/ORG (0-0.10 m, 12.6 Mg/ha; 0.10-0.20 m, 11.6 Mg/ha) than in CT/CHE and NV systems. C L stocks were higher in NT/ORG (3.61 Mg/ha) at 0-0.10 m and in NT/ORG, NT/CHE, and NT/CHE/ORG at 0.10-0.20 m. At 0-0.10 m, microbial biomass C content was higher in the NT/CHE/ORG (190 mg/kg) and NT/ORG (155 mg/kg). Soil microbial respiration rate was similar in all systems. However, qCO 2 was higher in the NT/CHE and CT/CHE systems, suggesting a stress in the soil microbial biomass. No-tillage and organic management promoted positive changes in soil organic carbon and soil microbial properties and improved soil quality.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a ocorrência de nodulação natural em leguminosas por bactérias nodulíferas fixadoras de nitrogênio nativas do solo do Cerrado do Piauí. A capacidade de nodulação foi observada em feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata), leucena (Leucaena leucocephala), bordão-de-velho (Albizia sp.) e caneleiro (Cenostigma macrophyllum) semeadas em solos de Cerrado com diferentes manejos: Eucalipto plantado em 2006 (E6); Eucalipto plantado em 2007 (E7); Arroz em sistema convencional (AR); mata nativa (MN) e mata nativa com queima (AQ). A avaliação da nodulação foi realizada aos 40, 80 e 90 dias após a emergência para o feijão-caupi, leucena, bordão-de-velho e caneleiro, respectivamente. O feijão-caupi apresentou nodulação natural no solo em todas as áreas avaliadas. A leucena e o bordão-de-velho apresentaram nodulação natural no solo das áreas E6 e AR. Enquanto que, o caneleiro não apresentou nodulação natural nos solos avaliados.
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