were with the Australian Treasury when they contributed to this project. The opinions expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect the official views of the OECD or of the governments of its member countries. We thank

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weeks spent more time with SpO2 <90% at 4-, 8-, 12-and 24-hour histogram reviews (p<0.001); there was no significant difference in time spent with SpO2 >95%. Infants >28 days spent significantly more time with SpO2 <90% compared to infants <28 days at 4-, 8-, 12-and 24-hour histogram reviews (p <0.05); there was no significant difference in time spent with SpO2 >95%. Ventilated infants spent significantly more time with SpO2 <90% compared to infants on other modes of respiratory support (p <0.001). There were strong correlations between 4-hour and 24-hour histograms for both hypoxemia and hyperoxemia, with R2 values of 0.7 and 0.8 respectively. Conclusions Maintaining normoxia for preterm infants is challenging, with substantial amounts of time spent outside of the SpO2 target range. There is strong correlations between 4hour and 24-hour histograms, which could help in assessing a preterm infants' response to changes in respiratory management.