and Utah. Portions of the population in Colorado (49%), Minnesota (55%), New Mexico (61%), and Utah (35%) and the whole population of Maryland are included as part of the COVID-19-Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET). https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/ covid-net/purpose-methods.html † A COVID-19 case (confirmed or probable) was defined as the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA or antigen in a respiratory specimen collected from a person aged ≥18 years per the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists' update to the standardized surveillance case definition and national notification for 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) (21-ID-01

† A COVID-19 case in a fully vaccinated person occurred when SARS-CoV-2 RNA or antigen was detected in a respiratory specimen collected ≥14 days after completing the primary series of a COVID-19 vaccine with Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval or emergency use authorization. The COVID-19 case definition, including criteria to distinguish a new case from an existing case, is per the July 2021 update to the national standardized surveillance case definition and national notification for 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) (21-ID-01) (https://ndc.services.cdc.gov/case-definitions/ coronavirus-disease-2019-2021/). Fully vaccinated persons were those with a completed primary series of 2 doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna mRNA vaccine or a single dose of the Janssen vaccine (https://www.cdc.gov/ coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/stay-up-to-date.html). A COVID-19 case in an unvaccinated person occurred when the person did not receive any FDAauthorized COVID-19 vaccine doses before the specimen collection date. Cases were excluded in partially vaccinated persons who received at least one FDAauthorized or approved vaccine dose but did not complete a primary series ≥14 days before collection of a respiratory specimen with SARS-CoV-2 RNA or antigen detected. Ascertaining vaccination status for COVID-19 patients through active linkage of case surveillance and immunization information systems typically assumes that cases among persons who are unmatched to the registry are unvaccinated. This analysis represents the combined impact of the Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, and Janssen COVID-19 vaccines, which had different clinical efficacies against confirmed infection. Information on different FDA-authorized and approved COVID-19 vaccine products, including clinical efficacy, is available online. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/ vaccines/different-vaccines.html

The diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders depends on the analysis of behavior through language by a clinical specialist. This analysis is subjective in nature and could benefit from automated, objective acoustic and linguistic processing methods. This integrated approach would convey a richer representation of patient speech, particularly for expression of emotion. In this work, we explore the potential of acoustic and prosodic metrics to infer clinical variables and predict psychosis, a condition which produces measurable derailment and tangentiality in patient language. To that purpose, we analyzed the recordings of 32 young patients at high risk of developing clinical psychosis.

No abstract

The roles of maturation-promoting factor (MPF) and an extracellular signal regulated kinase form of mitogenactivated protein kinase (ERK MAPK) are analyzed during oocyte aging in the marine protostome worm Cerebratulus. About a day after removal from the ovary, unfertilized metaphase-I-arrested oocytes of Cerebratulus begin to flatten and swell before eventually lysing, thereby exhibiting characteristics of a necroptotic mode of regulated cell death. Based on immunoblots probed with phospho-specific antibodies, MPF and ERK are initially active in freshly mature specimens. However, as oocytes age, both kinase activities decline, with ERK deactivation occurring well before MPF downregulation. Experiments using pharmacological modulators indicate that oocyte degradation is promoted by the maturation-initiated activation of ERK as well as by the deactivation of MPF that occurs in extensively aged specimens. The potential significance of these findings is discussed relative to previously published results for apoptotic eggs and oocytes of echinoderm and vertebrate deuterostomes.