Introduction. Resilience consists of a series personalized skills to cope with adverse situations and overcome them, and even emerge strengthened. Resilience in patients with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) treated with hemodialysis (HD) has been evaluated with general questionnaires that are not specific for this population. Objective. To evaluate the psychometric properties of a resilience questionnaire in patients treated with chronic HD. Method. The study included 280 patients with CRI (aged 18 to 85, 44% women) treated with HD for at least two months in six hemodialysis units in Mexico, who completed Beck’s depression and anxiety inventories, an inventory of cognitive distortions, and the Mexican Resilience Measurement Scale (RESI-M). Results. Owing to the duplication of more than one factor, two of the 43 items were eliminated in the exploratory factor analysis. We confirmed five factors that explained 63.4% of the total variance, with a Cronbach’s alpha of .96 (the alpha ranges in the five factors from .85 to .95). The confirmatory analysis showed a theoretical structural model that fits the empirical data in an acceptable, balanced, and parsimonious way. The five factors correlate positively with each other and negatively with anxiety and depression symptoms and distorted thoughts. Discussion and conclusion. The RESI-M scale is valid and reliable for assessing resilience in patients treated with chronic HD. Resilience factors evaluated with RESI-M are a potential therapeutic target to reduce depression and anxiety symptoms in these patients.
Introducción: Los tratamientos inmunosupresores han mejorado las tasas de supervivencia del injerto y del paciente, pero pueden incrementar las infecciones postrasplante. Objetivos: Analizar los datos de pacientes con trasplante renal y describir las bacterias responsables de las infecciones que presentan. Métodos: Estudio observacional, longitudinal y analítico de 103 pacientes sometidos a trasplante renal. El periodo de seguimiento fue de 5.07 ± 1.28 años. Resultados: La tasa de mortalidad fue de 10.68 % y la de pérdida del injerto de 14.56 %. Respecto al riesgo de muerte del receptor, el modelo de regresión de Cox mostró un cociente de riesgo (HR, hazard ratio) de 5.66 en los pacientes con cultivo bacteriano positivo y de 2.22 en aquellos con cepas productoras de betalactamasas de espectro extendido (BLEE); en cuanto a la pérdida del injerto, el HR fue de 4.59 en quienes tuvieron cultivo bacteriano positivo y de 4.25 en aquellos con cepas productoras de BLEE. Conclusiones: Se encontró riesgo significativo de muerte en receptores de trasplante renal con cultivo bacteriano positivo y mayor riesgo de pérdida del injerto en aquellos con cultivo bacteriano positivo y aislamiento de cepas productoras de BLEE. La tasa de enterobacterias productoras de BLEE es alta, por ello son necesarias estrategias más estrictas para controlar del uso de antibióticos.
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