AIM:To evaluate seven patients with non-traumatic splenic rupture (NSR). NSR is an uncommon dramatic abdominal emergency that requires immediate diagnosis and prompt surgical treatment to ensure the patient's survival. METHODS: Within 11 years, seven cases were evaluated for patient characteristics, anamnesis and symptoms, method of diagnosis, findings of laparotomy, and etiology of NSR. RESULTS: There were six (86%) male and one female (14%) patient, whose mean age was 36 ± 12.8 (17-56) years. We report here four cases of Plasmodium vivax malaria (cases Ⅰ-Ⅳ), one case of hemodialysis (case Ⅴ), one case of spontaneous splenic rupture (case Ⅵ), and one case of hairy cell leukemia (case Ⅶ). Splenectomy was performed in all patients. All of them made an uneventful recovery and were discharged in stable condition. CONCLUSION: NSR is a rare entity that needs a high index of suspicion for diagnosis. Using ultrasonography or computer tomography, and peritoneal aspiration of fresh blood may assist in the diagnosis of NSR. Increased awareness of NSR can enhance early diagnosis and effective treatment.

Patient metabolic status and predisposing factors are important in the prognosis of Fournier's gangrene. Hence, we believe that the FGSIS should be used clinically to evaluate therapeutic options and assess results.

Antibiotic treatment following the drainage of an anorectal abscess has no protective effect regarding risk of fistula formation.

AIM:To investigate the effects of resveratrol on liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. METHODS: A total of 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 240-290 g were randomized into four groups of ten: (1) controls: data from unmanipulated animals; (2) sham group: rats subjected to the surgical procedure, except for liver I/R, and given saline; (3) I/R group: rats underwent liver ischemia for 45 min followed by reperfusion for 45 min; (4) I-R/Resveratrol group: rats pretreated with resveratrol (10 µmol/L, iv). Liver tissues were obtained to determine antioxidant enzyme levels and for biochemical and histological evaluation. RESULTS: Plasma aminotransferase activities were higher in the I/R group than in the I-R/Resveratrol group. Malondialdehyde levels and the hepatic injury score decreased, while superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase levels increased in group 4 compared to group 3. In group 4, histopathological changes were significantly attenuated in resveratroltreated livers. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that resveratrol has protective effects against hepatic I/R injury, and is a potential therapeutic drug for ischemia reperfusionrelated liver injury.

If liquid electrolyte, blood, antibiotics, and parenteral nutrition are applied in typhoid enteric perforation cases adequately, then severe peritonitis becomes an independent risk factor that affects morbidity. Early diagnosis and appropriate surgery type would decrease morbidity and mortality.