Today, the world is getting complicated, and a modern man can think and speak two -three languages. The majority of the population in Russia speaks the main language of international communication -Russian. However, in all national regions there is an acute problem concerning the preservation and development of the native language of indigenous peoples (Dagbaeva & Taraskina, 2015), as for them it is a kind of an important link, connecting them with the past, and those living at present with future generations. Commonly, the native language loses its pragmatic value for young people, and it is moving from actions in the sphere of the practical necessity of language knowledge to the spiritual sphere (Sanzheeva, 2014). The decision "yes" or "no" to learn the native language is taken at the level of consciousness, which mainly is trained and achieved at a certain stage of intellectual and spiritual development. In this regard, a great role belongs to education, formal and informal at all levels (Dagbaeva, Taraskina, 2012). The authors believe that strengthening the position of the native language should primarily occur at the ethnic homeland. This paper is based on the data of a sociological survey conducted by scientists of Buryatia, presents the analysis of the situation with learning the Buryat language, and the study of prospects for its development. The questions put forward are on whom the preservation and development of the Buryat language depends, whether the efforts of educational institutions and intentions of the governmental structures are enough.