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Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene FokI polymorphism frequencies distribution in subjects with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) compared to healthy controls.Method: Using a case-control design, 100 female patients, who were diagnosed with FMS according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria and 100 healthy female subjects were enrolled in this study. FokI polymorphisms of the VDR gene were analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) in both groups.Results: No significant differences in the frequencies distribution of both genotype and alleles of the FokI polymorphism in the VDR gene were observed between the two groups. Conclusion:The relationship between VDR gene FokI polymorphism and FMS, particularly in Turkish women, could not be determined in this study. However, further studies with larger patient numbers may be needed to prove a relation between VDR gene polymorphism and FMS.