No abstract

For renal hilar tumor, RAPN could provide acceptable results of perioperative, pathological and renal function outcome as compared with non-hilar tumor group. Thus RAPN is a safe and effective nephron-sparing surgery technique for renal hilar tumors.

The early complication rates of RP in our patients were slightly high compared to the Western series. By standardized report, being overweight, diabetes mellitus, and use of neoadjuvant hormone therapy were identified as predictors of early complications in our series.

Phylogeographical studies based on DNA sequences offer insights into intraspecific genetic patterns, elucidating the history and structure of populations and their habitats. We used mitochondrial DNA (cytochrome b) to study the phylogeography and population genetics in two sympatric species in the freshwater fish genus Philypnodon throughout south‐eastern Australia. We sought to determine how populations were related across drainage divides, and whether transfer among adjacent coastal drainages was related to continental shelf width or intradrainage distance. Phylogeographical structure was greater in  Philypnodon macrostomus Hoese & Reader, 2006 compared with  Philypnodon grandiceps (Krefft, 1864), with results for P. macrostomus showing evidence for the presence of distinct groupings in different areas of south‐eastern Australia. There was evidence of drainage‐divide crossings in P. grandiceps in western Victoria, and in P. macrostomus between the Burnett River and the Murray‐Darling Basin in south‐eastern Queensland. Both species showed low levels of divergence along the narrow continental shelf of New South Wales, but as continental shelf width increased moving north in south‐eastern Queensland, population divergence also generally increased. Thus, as the potential riverine connectivity during periods of low sea levels increased, genetic divergences also increased, counter to expectations. Also, population Φst measures did not correlate as predicted with continental shelf width, nor was a significant relationship detected between Φst and the distance between populations. © 2008 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2008, 95, 175–192.