Resumo: Este trabalho reporta os resultados da avaliação das resinas comerciais Amberlyst 15Wet (resina catiônica) e Amberlyst-26OH (resina aniônica), ambas de estrutura macroporosa, na reação de transesterificação de óleo de soja com metanol e etanol. A influência das condições reacionais, tais como o tipo e quantidade de catalisador, tempo de reação, razão molar álcool e óleo foram investigadas. A resina aniônica mostrou-se mais eficiente do que a resina catiônica para a produção de EMAGs (ésteres metílicos de ácidos graxos) e EEAGs (ésteres etílicos de ácidos graxos). A conversão de óleo de soja em EMAGs empregando a resina aniônica foi de 100%, usando 12,5 mol % de resina, razão metanol:óleo 100:1 e tempo reacional de 8 horas. Os ésteres metílicos puderam ser classificados como biodiesel de acordo com as normas das Agência Nacional de Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biodiesel (ANP), normas europeias (EM) e Sociedade Americana para Testes e Materiais (ASTM):
The Brazilian National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (Agência Nacional do Petróleo Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis - ANP) is the regulatory body responsible to regulate, contract and supervise the activities that integrates oil, natural gas and biofuels industry in Brazil, including the onshore and offshore pipelines. With this intent, ANP’s Resolution n° 06/2011, Technical Regulation of Onshore Pipelines for the Transport of Petroleum, its Derivatives and Natural Gas (Regulamento Técnico de Dutos Terrestres para Movimentação de Petróleo, Derivados e Gás Natural - RTDT), was published, establishing the essential critical requirements and the minimum safety directives for onshore pipelines, aiming at the protection of human life, facilities, and environment. The Technical Regulation covers onshore pipelines, new and existing ones, acting on the transference of the oil and gas production in the Brazilian jurisdiction and it is also applied on design, construction, assembling, operation, inspection, maintenance, integrity management, emergency response and decommissioning of the pipelines. Currently, ANP is elaborating a normative instrument applied to offshore pipelines, intending to establish the essential critical requirements for its safety management system. This paper presents an evaluation of the RTDT after its publication, including the improvements that will be concern with the review of the Resolution, and also gives an overview of the elaboration of the normative instrument for offshore pipelines.
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