No abstract

Early marginal bone loss (MBL) is a non-infective remodeling process of variable entity occurring within the first year after implant placement. It has a multifactorial etiology, being influenced by both surgical and prosthetic factors. Their impact remains a matter of debate, and controversial information is available, particularly regarding implants placed subcrestally. The present multicenter prospective clinical study aimed to correlate marginal bone loss around platform-switched implants with conical connection inserted subcrestally to general and local factors. Fifty-five patients were enrolled according to strict inclusion/exclusion criteria by four clinical centers. Single or multiple implants (AnyRidge, MegaGen, South Korea) were inserted in the posterior mandible with a one-stage protocol. Impressions were taken after two months of healing (T1), screwed metal-ceramic restorations were delivered three months after implant insertion (T2), and patients were recalled after six months (T3) and twelve months (T4) of prosthetic loading. Periapical radiographs were acquired at each time point. Bone levels were measured at each time point on both mesial and distal aspects of implants. Linear mixed models were fitted to the data to identify predictors associated with MBL. Fifty patients (25 male, 25 female; mean age 58.0 ± 12.8) with a total of 83 implants were included in the final analysis. The mean subcrestal position of the implant shoulder at baseline was 1.24 ± 0.57 mm, while at T4, it was 0.46 ± 0.59 mm under the bone level. Early marginal bone remodeling was significantly influenced by implant insertion depth and factors related to biological width establishment (vertical mucosal thickness, healing, and prosthetic abutment height). Deep implant insertion, thin peri-implant mucosa, and short abutments were associated with greater marginal bone loss up to six months after prosthetic loading. Peri-implant bone levels tended to stabilize after this time, and no further marginal bone resorption was recorded at twelve months after implant loading.

Hysterical traits were observed in a number of patients with chronic daily headache and might constitute a predisposing factor for this condition. With time, the personality profile deteriorates, either through an increase in the hysterical traits or through its transformation, with a parallel increase in anxiety levels and the presence of accompanying symptoms.

IntroductionNumerous psychometric tests have been used in the assessment of personality factors contributing to the experience of chronic pain. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) [1] is probably the most widely used of such instruments [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Depending on the answers (truefalse) to a large number of questions, a score is given on 3 validity scales (L = lie, F = frequency, K = correction or defence) and on 10 clinical scales (Hs = hypochondria, D = depression, Hy = hysteria, Pd = psychopathological deviation, Mf = masculinity-femininity, Pa = paranoia, Pt = psychasthenia, Sc = schizophrenia, Ma = hypomania, Si = social introversion).Four types of MMPI typologies were proposed based on some characterizing algorithms [13,14]: one type with the "conversive V" profile (with Hs and Hy scores above normal and D being at least 10 points lower); a second "depressed" type, with elevation of the neurotic triad (HS, D, Hy) and of depression in particular, with no other scale being consistently elevated; a third type of "emotionally overwhelmed" patients with scale elevation of the neurotic triad and several other scales; and lastly a fourth type (the "coper") with a normal profile.Despite some criticisms about the adequacy and risks of misinterpretation of some scales [15,16], the MMPI has been widely used to investigate the personality of patients with headache and other types of facial pain. In migraine The MMPI-2 in women with headache or facial pain. A comparative study Franco Mongini Erika Barbalonga Fabio RaviolaAbstract Our purpose was to apply the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2) to groups of women with different types of headache and facial pain. 117 women with tension-type headache (TTH), migraine (M), facial pain disorder as somatoform disorder (FP), myogenous facial pain (MP), or temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJ) were given the Italian version of the MMPI-2. The level of pain was assessed with the visual analogue scale (VAS). A configural analysis of the MMPI profiles was also performed. Data were analysed with one-way ANOVA, chi-square analysis and Pearson's correlation coefficient. FP and TH patients showed the highest scale elevation and TMJ patients the lowest. The TMJ group had the highest prevalence of "coper" configuration and the FP group the lowest. A correlation was found between VAS and MMPI-2 scores for hypochondria, hysteria and paranoia. We conclude that: chronic pain may alter the patient's personality characteristics; patients with facial pain disorder show the highest tendency to neurotism and psychoticism; and in patients with migraine, TTH and MP, the psychological component may vary conspiquously. These factors should be taken into account when selecting the treatment options.