As infecções relacionadas à assistência hospitalar impactam negativamente a saúde de pacientes hospitalizados, e refletem em elevados índices de morbimortalidade. Este estudo epidemiológico descritivo teve como objetivo caracterizar as infecções e avaliar seu impacto na saúde de pacientes acometidos por trauma, em um hospital universitário, no período de um ano. Os resultados mostraram que a prevalência das infecções nos pacientes do estudo foi elevada (15,6%), acometendo principalmente o sexo masculino (80,0%), com idade entre 18 e 40 anos (47,5%), período de internação maior que 15 dias (78,6%), mais frequente no trauma fechado (54,0%) e nas queimaduras (32,5%). Os principais sítios de infecção foram a pneumonia (49,5%) seguida pela infecção do trato urinário (23,8%). A intubação orotraqueal e o cateterismo vesical de longa permanência estiveram significativamente relacionados à maioria das pneumonias (60,3%; p<0,001) e infecções do trato urinário (77,3%; p<0,001), aumentando os riscos para tais infecções em 20 e 6 vezes, respectivamente. A sepse acometeu 44,7% dos pacientes. Ampla gama de microrganismos apresentou resistência aos antimicrobianos, sendo Acinetobacter baumannii (92,7%, p<0,001) e Klebsiella pneumoniae (70,5%, p<0,001) os mais prevalentes. Evoluíram a óbito 28,8% dos pacientes, e 96,8% das mortes relacionavam-se às infecções. A relação das infecções com o óbito foi estatisticamente significativa em pacientes com pneumonia (37,8%, p<0,001) e sepse (54,2%, p<0,001). A relação das infecções com a maioria dos óbitos evidenciou o impacto negativo desta complicação na saúde das vítimas de traumas. ResumoHealthcare associated infections have an impact on the health of hospitalized patients and are reflected in high rates of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this descriptive study is to characterize the infections and evaluate their impact on trauma patient health at a University Hospital over a 1-year period. The results showed that the prevalence of infections in trauma patients was elevated (15.6%), affecting mainly males (80.0%), ages between 18 and 30 years (47.5%), more than 15 days hospitalization (78.6%), more frequent in blunt trauma (54.0%) and in burns (32.5%). The principal sites of infection were pneumonia (49.5%) Palavras-chave: Infecção hospitalar. Sepse. Epidemiologia. Causas externas.
Aim: to evaluate the profile of traffic accident assistance performed by the Mobile Emergency Service (Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência – SAMU) of a city in the South of Brazil. Method: a cross-sectional, retrospective and quantitative study, developed with data from 342 victims of traffic accidents attended by SAMU in 2015, statistically analyzed. Results: among the victims, men prevailed (71.3%); ages ranged from 15 to 44 years (65.7%); and who were involved in automobile accidents with motorcycles (29.2%). The most frequent lesions were bruises (48.2%) and short-bruises (33.0%); and those involving multiple body sites (50.6%) and lower and upper limbs (85.1%). Advanced support accounted for 75.1% of incidents. Conclusion: it was found a statistical association between the mechanisms of accident with age groups, with open and closed fractures and lesions in the upper and lower limbs.
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