The article is devoted to the analysis of Russia-Belarus integration interaction. The authors consider the main areas of cooperation between these two countries and analyze the prospects for the development of bilateral relations. The importance of military and military-technical cooperation between Russia and Belarus is noted in the context of ensuring national security and joint counteraction against current challenges and threats. There is the important role of the Union State as a universal model of integration in the post-Soviet states. The authors adhere to a comprehensive methodology in the study of integration issues, which allowed us to significantly expand and deepen the analysis of the most significant and basic aspects of integration development in the context of the construction of the Union State, and the multidimensionality of the object of study determined the multiplicity of approaches to its study. The research methodology is based on a systematic approach, using the principle of historicism to analyze the above issues. The object of the study is the integration processes in the post-Soviet space, and the subject of the study is the system of political relations between Russia and Belarus in the context of the construction of a single Union State. The organizational and functional complexity of the object and subject of the study predetermined the pluralism of the methodological approaches used. The conceptual apparatus of the study is predetermined by the chosen methodological guidelines and is closely linked to the specific material being analyzed.