Ernani Irajá Haas RESUMOO crescimento da violência e dos acidentes de trânsito aumenta a mortalidade dos jovens, trazendo à tona o luto materno. Este estudo teve o objetivo de compreender esse tipo de luto, suas implicações na configuração psicológica das mães e avaliar as condições dos padrões especiais de luto propostos por Worden (1998). Participaram 22 mães que perderam seus filhos por acidente de trânsito ou homicídio, de Porto Alegre e Bento Gonçalves. Os padrões especiais de luto por morte súbita (PEL) compreendem: 1) sensação de irrealidade sobre a perda; 2) sensação de culpa; 3) censurar alguém; 4) envolvimento com aspectos legais; 5) sensação de desamparo após morte e raiva, 6) tristeza e depressão; 7) sensação de algo não terminado; 8) constante e crescente necessidade de compreensão, necessidade determinar a causa e/ou culpa pela morte. Cada PEL comporta manifestações típicas de luto por morte súbita. Os resultados obtidos mostram que 92% das mães apresentam manifestações relacionadas a pelo menos um dos PEL e as manifestações que mais ocorreram foram relativas aos padrões seis (63,5%), sete (54,5%), um e oito (50%), e cinco (45,5%). Palavras-chave: luto materno, morte súbita, padrões especiais de luto. SPECIAL MOURNING PATTERNS IN MOTHERS WHO LOST CHILDREN BY SUDDEN DEATH ABSTRACTThe growth of violence and traffic accidents increases mortality of young people, bringing out maternal grief. This study aimed to understand this kind of grief, its implications for the psychological framework of mothers and evaluate the conditions of special mourning patterns proposed by Worden (1998). Twenty-two mothers who lost children due to traffic accident or homicide, from Porto Alegre and Bento Gonçalves participated. The special mourning patterns for sudden death include: 1) sense of unreality over the loss; 2) feeling of guilt; 3) repress others; 4) involvement with legal aspects; 5) feeling of helplessness and anger after death; 6) sadness and depression; 7) feeling of unfinished business; 8) constant and increasing need for understanding, need to determine the cause and/or fault for the death. Each pattern includes typical manifestations of mourning for sudden death. The results show that 92% of mothers present manifestations related to at least one of patterns and the ones mostly found were related to patterns six (63.5%), seven (54.5%), one and eight (50%), and five (45.5%).
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