Deferred therapy may be a feasible alternative to curative treatment in select patients with favorable, localized prostate cancer. About half of these patients remain free of progression at 10 years and definitive treatment appeared effective in those with progression. Absent cancer on repeat needle biopsy identified cases highly unlikely to progress.

In highly selected patients with invasive bladder cancer, partial cystectomy offers acceptable outcomes. Concomitant CIS and presence of metastases to regional lymph nodes predict advanced recurrence.

We created a nomogram that predicts a positive biopsy after a previous negative biopsy session. It provides a wide range of probabilities for cancer and may improve clinical judgment before the decision to repeat biopsy.