In our study, we noticed histological subtype, stage of the disease and the type of surgery performed to be prognostic factors of carcinoid tumors. Atypical carcinoid tumors tend to be more metastatic and had worse prognosis when compared with typical carcinoid tumors. We conclude that surgery is the best treatment of choice for carcinoid tumors, especially parenchyma-sparing procedures, because of their good mid- and long-term survival rates.

The presence of visceral pleural or lymphovascular invasion can show higher risk of mortality whereas perineural invasion has no effect on prognosis.

This is the first study showing the Turkish version of pGALS as a valid, acceptable, and practical screening test in Turkey.

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