A computational simulation and experimental work of the fluid flow through the pneumatic circuit used in a stretch blow moulding machine is presented in this paper. The computer code is built around a zero-dimensional thermodynamic model for the air blowing and recycling containers together with a non-linear time-variant deterministic model for the pneumatic three stations single acting valve manifold, which, in turn, is linked to a quasi-one-dimensional unsteady flow model for the interconnecting pipes. The flow through the pipes accounts for viscous friction, heat transfer, cross-sectional area variation, and entropy variation. Two different solving methods are applied: the method of characteristics and the HLL Riemann first-order scheme. The numerical model allows prediction of the air blowing process and, more significantly, permits determination of the recycling rate at each operating cycle. A simplified experimental set-up of the industrial process was designed, and the pressure and temperature were adequately monitored. Predictions of the blowing process for various configurations proved to be in good agreement with the measured results. In addition, a novel design of a valve manifold intended for the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic bottle manufacturing industry is also presented.[AQ1]
Este libro se ha concebido como una colección de problemas resueltos en el ámbito de la fluidotecnia. Se entiende por resolución de problemas una concepción sistémica que estructura una determinada práctica dentro del proceso de aprendizaje para incidir en el desarrollo de alguna habilidad, proceso o conocimiento. Cada problema tiene su propia estrategia de resolución (comprender el problema, trazar un plan para resolverlo, ejecutar el plan y comprobar los resultados), su estudio (análisis, hipótesis que se plantean, principios básicos y leyes fundamentales) y, finalmente, el desarrollo completo de su resolución. En todo momento, se intenta proporcionar un entorno atractivo de realidad técnica, e infundir un punto de vista profesional, como resultado de la actividad práctica desarrollada inextricablemente con la técnica, que sirva de preparación para las condiciones de trabajo reales con que se encontrarán los estudiantes al dejar la universidad.
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