No abstract

A cana-de-açúcar é uma cultura com grande potencial econômico para o Brasil, sendo o país responsável por mais de 25% da produção mundial. A região de São Paulo é a maior produtora, ficando o Rio Grande do Sul responsável por menos de 5% do total produzido, isso porque a produtividade média do estado é baixa, devido ao uso de variedades antigas que geralmente apresentam baixo rendimento e pouca adaptação às condições ambientais. o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do uso de um mix de cinco espécies de bactérias diazotróficas nas características biométricas e conteúdo de clorofila de plantas de cana-de-açúcar. O trabalho foi desenvolvido na Embrapa Clima Temperado, sob ambiente protegido, tipo telado. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com 6 repetições, onde cada parcela foi representada por três plantas de cana-de-açúcar. Os fatores foram arranjados em esquema bifatorial (5x2), ao testar cinco variedades de cana-de-açúcar e o uso de bactérias diazotróficas (com e sem uso de inoculante bacteriano), totalizando 10 tratamentos. Aos 120 dias foram realizadas as avaliações de número de folhas, número de gemas, altura de planta, diâmetro de colmo e índice de clorofila (SPAD). Pode-se concluir que o uso de bactérias diazotróficas no cultivo de cana-de-açúcar promove aumentos significativos em características importantes, como altura de planta, diâmetro de colmo e índice de clorofila. E através da fixação biológica de nitrogênio, pode melhorar o estado nutricional das plantas, levando ao uso de menor quantidade de fertilizantes nitrogenados, o que diminui os impactos ambientais da utilização desses insumos e torna o cultivo da cana-de-açúcar mais sustentável. Palavras-chave: Saccharum sp, inoculante bacteriano, fixação biológica de nitrogênio, crescimento vegetativo ABSTRACT Sugar cane is a crop with great economic potential for Brazil, being the country responsible for more than 25% of world production. The São Paulo region is the largest producer of the culture being Rio Grande do Sul responsible for less than 5% of the total produced. The state's average productivity is low due to the use of old varieties that generally have low yield and little adaptation to environmental conditions. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of using a mix of five species of diazotrophic bacteria on the biometric characteristics and chlorophyll content of sugarcane plants. The work was developed at Embrapa Temperate Climate, under protected environment, screened type. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with 6 replications, where each plot was represented by three sugar cane plants. The factors were arranged in a bifactorial scheme (5x2), by testing five sugarcane varieties and the use of diazotrophic bacteria (with and without the use of bacterial inoculant), totaling 10 treatments. At 120 days, leaf number, bud number, plant height, stem diameter and chlorophyll index (SPAD) were evaluated. It can be concluded that the use of diazotrophic bacteria in sugarcane cultivation p...

Strawberry production in the south part of Rio Grande do Sul has already been consolidated and, recently, this production has undergone several changes in its cultivation system. The profile of the strawberry producers in this region, and the cultivation systems they use, considering socioeconomic and technological characterization, had not been formally studied since then. This study aimed to characterize the socioeconomic profile of producers, as well as the strawberry production system. Data were obtained through a questionnaire, with questions related to the socioeconomic aspects of the producers and the technical aspects of their cultivation systems. Most of the interviewed producers are male, 26-50 years old, owing up to 20 hectares land, with a monthly income of up to four minimum wages and relying only on family labor. They are considered family producers and have already been growing strawberries in substrate, or are interested in using this modern soilless culture system.

Strawberry culture is economically important because its fruits are widely consumed in natura, in unprocessed and processed forms, by a variety of industries. Currently the semi-hydroponic cultivation of this crop has been gaining space in relation to soil cultivation, which makes it important to identify, through studies, different systems, cultivation sites, as well as the use of different substrates. The objective of this study was to analyze the agronomic response of Camarosa strawberry cultivar in an out-of-soil system with the use of alternative substrates at different densities. The experiment was carried out in Pelotas-RS, in the locality of Monte Bonito (31°39'44''S, 52°27'29''W at 52.46 m altitude). The experimental design was completely randomized in a subdivided plots scheme, with three replications. In the main plots were allocated three substrates composed of carbonized rice hull, organic compost and tungue pie, and in the subplots, the planting densities of 9, 10, 12, 16 and 20 m-2 plants were allocated. The vegetative growth and the fruit production of the Camarosa cultivar were evaluated. It can be concluded that the addition of organic compound and tungue pie to the carbonized rice hull favors the development of the plants, the production and size of strawberry fruits in the semihydroponic system adopted. The density of 20 plants m-2 confers higher productivity for the cultivar Camarosa.

Sugarcane production in Brazil for the 2019/20 harvest is estimated at approximately 615 million tons. However, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, it is estimated at only 42.5 thousand tons. It is assumed that the use of diazotrophic bacteria can contribute to the expansion of sugarcane cultivation in the state through increased productivity; hence, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of diazotrophs on the growth of sugarcane. The study was conducted using sugarcane varieties: RB867515, RB92579, RB966928, and RB975932 that were either treated with diazotrophic bacteria or left as a control. The application of diazotrophic bacteria resulted in increased leaf area and stem number in variety RB867515 (cane plant cultivation cycle), and an increase in the relative chlorophyll content of all the varieties of sugarcane except of RB92579. Furthermore, most varieties responded positively in terms of biomass, dry matter, total nitrogen, and soluble solids. These results suggest that the application of diazotrophs assists in the growth and development of sugarcane varieties in Rio Grande do Sul.