Alpinia monopleura is an endemic plant which widespread and abundant in Sulawesi. Nevertheless, previous studies have not studied the chemical compound and biological activity. This study describes the chemical compounds and antibacterial and antioxidant properties of the essential oils isolated from A. monopleura. The essential oil was obtained by the hydro distillation method and interpreted by GCMS. Antibacterial properties were determined by the agar diffusion method, while DPPH and ABTS determined antioxidant activity. The most important components are α-caryophyllene, β-pinene, limonene, α-pinene, β-caryophyllene and caryophyllene oxide. Essential oils of leaves and fruit showed excellent antibacterial properties with a MIC strength of 31.3 μg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25023 and Escherichia coli ATCC 35218. The highest antioxidant effect was also shown by inhibiting ABTS and DPPH radicals, with IC50 strength of essential oil obtained from the leaf being 15.60 and 19.42 μg/mL, respectively, while from the fruit were 10.44 and 11.93 μg/mL. These antibacterial and antioxidant properties indicate that essential oils have advantages in their use in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Meistera chinensis merupakan generasi baru famili Zingiberaceae yang tumbuh di Sulawesi Tenggara. Ekstrak buah mengandung metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid, terpenoid, alkaloid, steroid, dan tanin yang memiliki efektivitas sebagai antioksidan dan antibakteri. Namun, belum ada laporan tentang antibakteri pada bagian rimpang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan metabolit sekunder dan aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol rimpang M. chinensis. Serbuk kering rimpang M. chinensis diekstraksi dengan maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Ekstrak dipekatkan menggunakan rotary vacuum evaporator. Metode analisis aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan difusi agar dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 10%, 20%, 30%, dan kontrol positif (Ciprofloxacin 30µg) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus ACTT 25023 dan Escherichia coli ACTT 35218 selama 24 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol rimpang M. chinensis mengandung flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid, steroid, dan fenol, Ekstrak terbukti menghambat pertumbuhan E. coli dengan diameter zona hambat rata-rata secara berturut-turut pada konsentrasi 10%, 20%, dan 30% sebesar 6,08±1,79; 8,16±0,11 dan 10,57±1,34 mm. Pada S. aureus, zona hambat masing-masing konsentrasi 10%, 20%, dan 30% sebesar 5,02±0,79; 6,01±0,69; 8,03±0,76. Analisis One Way ANOVA menunjukkan perbedaan aktivitas antibakteri yang signifikan antar konsentrasi ekstrak pada E. coli dan S. aureus. Dapat disimpulkan rimpang M. chinensis memiliki aktivitas sebagai antibakteri.
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