Adipose tissue as an endocrine modulator: Hormonal changes associated with obesity Adipose tissue not only stores fat, but secretes factors and hormones, which modify the regulation, metabolism and secretion of several other hormones. The objective of this review is to describe the hormonal disorders associated with increased adipose tissue, which acts as a modulator or disruptor of the endocrine physiology, with special reference to cortisol, androgens, growth hormone and thyroid axis, and discuss the implications for the management and treatment of these patients.
(15 and 2.5%, respectively, p <0.001, for the former; 32.4 and 1.7%, respectively, p <0.001, for the latter). Conclusions: In this series, one third of microcarcinomas were multifocal and 10% had lymph node involvement. Therefore, the aggressiveness of these tumors is higher than what is reported in the literature and they should be treated with total thyroidectomy (Rev Méd Chile 2005; 133: 1305-10).
RESUMENEl objetivo de este documento es entregar una guía práctica de tratamiento del climaterio, debido a la confusión producida por el estudio WHI en 2002. La TH debe ser solo utilizada cuando exista una indicación clara para su uso. La paciente sintomática es la principal beneficiada del tratamiento. No existe un tratamiento alternativo a los estrógenos o estrógeno/progestina tan eficaz en el alivio de la sintomatología y en reducción de fracturas. La indicación de un tratamiento prolongado debe ser revisada anualmente.PALABRAS CLAVES: Climaterio, menopausia, terapia hormonal de reemplazo, estudio WHI
SUMMARYThe objective of this document is to give a practical guide for the treatment of the climacterium, due to the confusion produced by the WHI study in 2002. The hormone replacement therapy must be used when a clear indication for its use exists. The symptomatic patient is the main beneficiary of the treatment. An alternative to estrogens or estrogen/progestin in the effective treatment of symptoms and reduction of fractures does not exist. The indication of a prolonged treatment must be reviewed annually.KEY WORDS: Climacterium, menopause, hormone replacement therapy, WHI study
Documentos
INTRODUCCIÓNEn Santiago, el 16 de octubre de 2004 se juntó un grupo de médicos pertenecientes a la directiva de diferentes sociedades científicas relacionadas con el tema de la salud femenina, para elaborar en conjunto una guía práctica de tratamiento durante el climaterio. El objetivo es entregar un documento claro y de consenso dada la confusión que se produjo en los médicos y pacientes posterior a la aparición del estudio WHI en el año 2002.
NOMENCLATURAEn este documento se utilizará la siguiente nomenclatura: TH: Terapia hormonal; TE: Terapia con estrógenos; TEP: Terapia con estrógenos + progestinas; TEPs: secuencial; TEPc: continua; TA:
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