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ABSTRACT:To suppress steel corrosion at elevated temperature and in humid condition, silane coupling agents N-␤-aminoethyl aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (AAPS), ␥-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPS), and bis[3-(trimethoxysilyl)-1-phenylpropyl]tetrasulfide (RC-2) were introduced as primers into an epoxy/steel system. Silane coupling agents and epoxy were coated onto the steel surface using the solution casting method. The polymer degradation and steel corrosion formation after heat and humid treatment were investigated by Fourier transform infrared reflection and absorption spectroscopy (FTIR-RAS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Compared to various silane treated epoxy/steel systems, the AAPS-treated epoxy/steel (AAPS/epoxy ϭ 6 : 4) system suppressed steel corrosion at 400°C for 10 min in air and for 5 days at 60°C in 100% relative humidity. This is due to the formation of SiOOOSi linkage and FeOOOSi bond on steel surface, which are resistant to water diffusion and thermally stable at elevated temperature. The relationship between chemical bonding at the steel-epoxy interface and corrosion protection on the steel surface was also investigated.

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Step and flash imprint lithography is a low cost process capable of generating sub-50 nm patterns. Although the printing resolution is better than optical lithography, the throughput at the available production tools is lower, in part, due to the time required to fill the imprint template features. The throughput can be improved by lowering the viscosity of the imprint material and reducing the drop size. Decreasing viscosity generally increases the volatility of a material and decreasing drop size increases the area available for evaporation. This study compares measured and predicted rates for volatilization of acrylate and vinyl ether monomers. The predicted rates are based on the methods of Lee-Kesler and Joback-Reid that employ group contributions. The predictions were used to explore the effect of drop size ͑200 nl, 1 nl, 80 pl͒ on evaporation rate at 20°C for t-butyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, lauryl acrylate, t-pentyl vinyl ether, ethylene glycol vinyl ether, 1,4-butanediol divinyl ether, and triethylene glycol divinyl ether. The predicted rates correlate well with experiment.

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