Micro-cavity top-emitting organic light emitting diodes (TEOLEDs) are now receiving prominence as a technology for the active matrix display applications. The semi-transparent metal cathode plays the crucial role in realizing TEOLEDs structure. Here, we report the optimization results on Mg:Ag ratio as the semitransparent cathode deposited by vacuum thermal evaporation. The optimized Mg:Ag cathode with 1:10 ratio (wt %) shows a sheet resistance value as low as 5.2 Ω/□, an average transmittance of 49.7%, reflectance of 41.4%, and absorbance of 8.9% over the visible spectral region (400~700 nm). The fabricated red TEOLEDs device implemented using LiF (1nm)/Mg:Ag (1:10) cathode shows the voltage value of 4.17 V at a current density of 10.00 mA/cm, and current efficiencies variation from 55.3 to 50.1 cd/A over the brightness range 2,000 - 12,000 cd/m. The electroluminescence (EL) spectrum displays the light emission at 608 nm wavelength with a half width of 29.5 nm. The narrow half-width of red light emission is attributed to the micro-cavity effects due to the semitransparent cathode.

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Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) is a subset of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). AFRS is primarily associated with a type 2 inflammatory profile including eosinophilic mucosal infiltration and high serum and mucosal titers of IgE. Patients with AFRS have increased frequencies of IgE ASCs within NP structures, although it is unclear if these cells originate from a germinal center (GC) reaction or undergo local mucosal extrafollicular differentiation and class switch recombination (CSR). To better understand the origin of these cells, CD19+ and CD19− ASCs from human NPs (n = 3) were isolated for integrated single cell RNAseq and adaptive immune receptor repertoire (AIRRseq) profiling. Resulting AIRRseq data were piped into the ImMunoGeneTics (IMGT) V-Quest platform for comprehensive B cell receptor analysis. Interestingly, mutational frequency analysis showed that IgE ASCs have a lower V region mutation frequency (7.4 +/− 2.7%) compared with IgG (9.2 +/− 3.5%) and IgA (9.4 +/− 3.4%) ASCs from the same individuals. Additionally, IgE ASCs have an intermediate frequency of mutations in activation-induced deaminase WRC hotspots when compared with other isotypes. Finally, IgH repertoire lineage analysis does not indicate clonal expansion of NP IgE ASCs. These data suggest NP IgE ASCs compared to IgG and IgA ASCs from patients with AFRS may undergo a distinct developmental program that includes extrafollicular differentiation and CSR.

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