Much research has gone into understanding the pathogenesis and prevention of germinal matrix hemorrhage-intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). Based on the current evidence, it is widely accepted that antenatal corticosteroid administration has helped reduce the risk of IVH in preterm infants. With continued identification of maternal interventions that can be implemented during the perinatal period, we hope to see a reduction in IVH rates. Almost half of all IVH occurs within the first day after birth, so understanding delivery room interventions that reduce IVH risk will hopefully contribute to further the ongoing efforts on reduction. At this time, prevention of premature birth continues to have the single greatest impact on reducing the incidence of germinal matrix hemorrhage-IVH.

It can be challenging to diagnose and provide optimal treatment for transient tachypnea of the newborn. Objectives After completing this article, readers should be able to: 1. Understand the pathophysiology of transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN). 2. Identify risk factors, clinical symptoms, and radiographic findings in infants with TTN. 3. Appreciate the differential diagnoses for TTN. 4. Describe the typical clinical course of an infant with TTN.